Covered Cattle Yards. 
475 
sively used in this part of the country (North Riding of York- 
shire), all the yards on the estates of Lord Zetland and other 
large landowners being covered with them. They fort i an 
excellent cover, and are less heat- and cold-conducting than 
slates. In localities where manufactured, and little carriage is 
involved, they are, moreover, cheaper ; but of late years they 
have been rather at a discount, owing to the difficulty of getting 
samples good enough to stand the frosts of winter. Within the 
last few years corrugated iron and boards have also been exten- 
sively used, and Felt and "Willesden paper'' partially so. The 
two latter I do not propose to take into consideration. 
For illustrative purposes I assume a typical yard of sixty 
feet by forty-five feet, divided into two, and enclosed by build- 
ings on the north and east sides, and I propose to give roof-designs 
suitable for covering with slate laid on in the usual way, and 
Fig. 1. — Elevation of West Side of Yard, covered with Slates or Tiles. 
Jl 
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with pantiles ; Avith slates laid in a way known as open slating, 
with boards, and with corrugated iron, and also to give priced 
quantities of the work required for each. 
Fig. 1 is an elevation of the west side of this yard, showing 
the ventilating openings at the eaves and in the roof. Fio-. 2 
is a section drawing, and shows that the eaves openings on the 
west slope outwards and upwards, and tend to throw upwards 
the current of air entering the yard. These openings are re- 
turned round the east side: but buildings being supposed to exist 
here, the open spaces are got between the eaves of the t wo roofs, 
piers being built on the walls to give the necessary height to 
the inner one. 
The air-current on these sides, it will be observed, is turned 
downwards; but practically little inconvenience arises from 
this, the adjoining roofing affording protection from anything 
except very strong gales and drifting snowstorms. We have 
i i 2 
