516 
Warming in Devon and Cornwall. 
reporting could have accomplished. The change also that has 
taken place in the relative profits from corn and stock farming 
has led to less attention being paid to the former, and more to 
the latter ; whilst the introduction of artificial manures, and the 
cheapening of feeding stuffs, has taken much of the sting out of 
the objection to successive corn crops on the same land. 
The conversion of land agency into a distinct profession, for 
Avhich special training is now necessary, and its separation from, 
that of the lawyer, has resulted in a freer and more judicious 
expenditure of capital on the part of the landlord, and has led to 
a more liberal, because less restrictive, dealing with the tenant in 
regard to the cultivation of his land, and to the provision of com- 
pensation for unexhausted improvements. 
The old system of leases for lives — generally three — formerly 
in force in these two counties, was responsible for much that 
was complained of, as it took from the actual owner all interest 
for the time being in the substantial and efficient maintenance 
or improvement of his property, whilst it induced the lease- 
holder, or copyholder, to confine his outlay within the narrowest 
possible limits. This system has died out to a very great extent 
in regard to farms, but still appertains to houses, cottages, and 
small enclosures off wastes and common lands in the mining dis- 
tricts of Cornwall. 
Since the publication of the reports referred to, and in par- 
ticular since the establishment of Improvement Companies, the 
landlords of the two counties have spent considerable sums of 
money in the erection of buildings, the drainage of land, and other 
improvements. The following statement, provided from official 
sources and by the kind help of the secretaries of the different 
companies, will show the extent to which the advantages and 
assistance of these companies have been appreciated by some of 
the Devonshire and Cornish landlords : — 
Name of Company 
Sums advanced for 
Total 
Buildings 
Drainage 
Other 
Improv'ts 
£ 
£ 
£ 
£ 
Land, Loan, and Enfranchisement Co. 
72,!)73 
5,758 
6,971 
85,702 
6!), 138 
1 7,833 
28,196 
116,167 
50,000 
»T7 
50,000 
West of England 
37,700 
37,706 
51,501 
1- 
51. 50 J 
Total .... £340,071 
This total, large as it is, is very far from representing the 
actual expenditure, because various owners, or landowning 
