Agricultural Administration in Austria-Hungary. G85 
nents, to purchase large quantities of artificial manures — in a 
vvord, to practise high farming. Their success and enterprise 
have naturally had an effect upon the peasants who surround 
tbem. Chev. Max de Proskowetz, to whose patient kindness I am 
indebted for very much of the information in this paper, and 
ifor the avoidance of many errors, says, indeed, of his native 
Moravia that the peasants have, since 1849, brought nearly all 
their pastures under the plough. Sowing and threshing 
machines are seen not at all uncommonly on their farms, and even 
artificial manures are sometimes employed. He mentions par- 
ticularly the penchant of the peasants for the introduction of 
foreign seeds — so nmch so that the famous Hanna barley (indi- 
' genous to the rich plain of the Hanna, the most fertile part of 
the province) has almost entirely disappeared from the fields. 
The Peasant Properties. 
These properties are, as stated already, inscribed in a different 
register (Grundbuch) from those of the seignorial estates. There 
does not appear to have been any recent cadastral survey or 
return showing the number, of holdings of different sizes in 
Austria ; but a Consular report of 1889 [C. 5618-12] gives the 
following as the sizes of holdings in Hungary in jochs (1*43 
acres), and the distribution of such properties amongst different 
classes of owners : — 
Size of propert ies in 
Hungary, in jochs 
Number of 
proprietors 
Total uunibei 
of jochs 
Distribution of 
property in Hungary 
Jochs 
Percent, 
of total 
ruder 30 
30 „ 200 
200 „ 1,000 
1,000 „ 10,000 
OTer 10,000 
2,318,107 
118,981 
13,757 
4,695 
231 
15.027,889 
6,741,OUO 
14,240,000 
6,660,000 
3,930,000 
Crown lands 
Foundation . 
Municipal property . 
Ecclesiastical property 
Fidei commissi (entail) 
Private 
2,923,012 
385,987 
6,325.682 
1,188,61 2 
463,362 
35.312,294 
4-7 
o-l 
269 
20 
0-2 
66-1 
It will be seen from this table that only 0 per cent, of the 
proprietors in Hungary hold more than the amount of land 
which Major Craigie, in his recently-published " Return of 
Allotments and Small Holdings " (Parliamentary Paper C. G144 
of 1890), labels as the maximum limit in Great Britain of a 
"small holding," viz., 50 acres. 
It would have been interesting if the corresponding returns 
for Austria could have been procured ; but the only informa- 
tion that I am able to place against the Hungarian figures is a 
statement as to the average size of " peasant properties " in 
the different Cisleithan provinces. This I subjoin below, the 
