The Trials nf Cider-making Plant at Glastonbury. 773 
in feeding the apples, to the bed of his press. Then, while the 
feeder returns to his work and fills a second sack, the press- 
man lowers the platen upon the bag of pulp in the press, and 
squeezes as much juice out of it as he can before sack No. 2 is 
ready to come forward. When this is the case, he raises the 
platen quickly, by means of a special apparatus, to be hereafter 
described, throws sack No. 2 upon sack No. 1, and again brings 
. ! down the platen. This operation is repeated until some five or 
six bags have accumulated in the press, when they, all together, 
receive their final squeeze. 
In the case under review, the sacks were filled, and followed 
one another into the press at intervals averaging ten minutes' 
duration, so that each bag received ten minutes' independent 
squeezing, upon a bed growing less hard with every added sack, 
before the mass was pressed as a whole. The first bag was 
put in the press at 12.9 r.M., and the fifth, and last, at 12.50, or 
forty-one minutes after the first ; but pressing was not com- 
pleted until 2 o'clock, or in 1 hr. 51 min., being at the rate of 
12-33 minutes for every 1001b. of fruit pressed. 
Sixty-two gallons of juice were thus produced from 900 lb. 
of apples in one hour and fifty-one minutes, equal to 6 - 9 gallons 
extracted from each 100 lb. of fruit in 12 - 33 minutes. The 
larger output of juice was no doubt due, first, to the system of 
piecemeal pressing, and, next, to its long continuance. Bamber, 
apparently, took no account of time, but only concerned himself 
to obtain a maximum quantity of juice, thus obtaining results 
which would, probably, have followed had Workman adopted 
similar tactics, but with the effect of losing more marks on 
" time" than he gained in <£ efficiency." 
In what precedes, the " cart " of method has been " put before 
the horse " of description, and it is now time shortly to notice the 
mill and press whose performances have already been discussed. 
Bamber's mill consists of a pair of crushing rolls compounded 
of emery and cement, which ran, during the trial, at differential 
speeds of 160 and 2G0 revolutions respectively, while the feed roll 
made about 2G0 turns per minute. The latter consists of a single 
roller, about 3 in. in diameter, composed of a series of two-bladed 
brass knives spirally arranged on their axis, and almost exactly 
resembling the cutting apparatus of a domestic sausage-making 
machine. 
The sample of pulp produced by Bamber's mill was excel- 
lent, and the pips were well crushed, but the feed of the machine 
was very imperfect. The mincing roller was so small that it 
would not take hold of the apples at all, unless these were 
