846 Annual Report for 1890 of the Consulting Entomologist. 
benefit -which I trusted ■would arise of a very marked diminution in I 
the extent of the appearance of wingless moths from beneath the I 
trees on the cared- for areas. 
Mr. C. D. Wise reported to me from Toddington that the ap- 1 
pearance of the wingless females commenced within a day of the 
same time as last year, but that whereas three years ago as many 
as 500 moths were caught on the sticky bands in ascent up one tree, 
this autumn nine moths was the largest number captured in any 
one case ; and from another district I have information of observa- 
tions of similar decrease in the amount of attack. 
This is highly satisfactory, and is from the details placed in my 
hands demonstrably owing, partly to the sticky banding, partly to 
the use of spraying with Paris green. It is to be remembered that 
sticky banding can only act as a preventive to attacks of wingless 
moths or creatures that endeavour to crawl over the adhesive sur- 
face, and that it is to spraying that we have mainly to look in 
order to clear off together the legions of the» many sorts and kinds 
which devastate together in the early spring or summer. Many 
kinds of washes or sprayings were tried (of too many kinds to 
enumerate here), but of these the most thoroughly effective, as 
shewn by the reports of the Evesham Fruit Committee, was the 
spraying with Paris green in the extremely weak proportion, and 
applied according to the careful directions given. 
I may perhaps be permitted to note here that the practical 
interest taken in the orchard pest prevention by some of our very 
extensive landholders and influential proprietors is very service- 
able. 
Willow Beetle. 
Amongst other foliage attacks, that of the willow beetle has 
been very destructive, and I am giving my best attention to it. 
Warble Fly (Hypoderma lovis, De Geer). 
Warble attack has been greatly attended to by many who 
understand the importance of preventing the losses yearly occurring 
in damage to hides, damage to meat of the badly infested cattle, 
and damage by waste of health, etc., to the animals themselves. The 
subject has been taken up by somewhat similar publications to our 
own in Holland, to which I have had great pleasure in furnishing 
figures, and also attention is being drawn to it by Government 
publications in the United States. 
But though here many of our hide firms and butchers' associa- 
tions and leading cattle owners are most desirous to get the pest 
under, we are constantly held back by the ignorance and carelessness 
and prejudice of those on whose personal attention to the cattle 
their condition chiefly depends. 
Very much over 100,000 of my leaflets on the subject — approxi- 
mately 125,000, including those in the North and South Welsh dia- 
lects — have been distributed, and it is very rarely indeed that the 
