284 
Report of the Consulting Chemist. 
counties, — especially in Lancashire, Cheshire, and Anglesea. 
The numbers are also high in Cardigan, Flint, and Carnarvon ; 
all coast counties. Tlie low lying lands near the sea in Cheshire 
and Lancashire have long been famous for this crop. Although 
large quantities are raised in parts of Cornwall, the effect upon 
the returns for the county generally is not apparent. Lincoln 
has the highest percentage amongst the eastern English counties. 
Turnips, as would be expected, have a pretty constant relation 
to bare fallow ; the numbers being generally in an inverse rela- 
tion to each other. Fallow is most where the main fallow- crop 
is least. This inverse ratio of fallow and turnips appears to be 
more constant than the direct ratio of turnips and barley. 
Speaking generally, there is a pretty constant direct relation 
between fallow, mangold, and beans ; all marking stiff soils. But 
mangold, being a stiff-land fallow-crop, partly takes the place of 
fallow. In Huntingdon the percentage of fallow is larger than 
in Cambridge, whilst the percentage of mangold is smaller. 
Huntingdon has, of all England, the highest percentage of fallow 
land, and all its productions mark it as pre-eminently a stiff- 
land county. This a Geological Map shows it to be. Nearly 
the whole area is occupied by Oxford Clay, in part overlain by 
Boulder Clay. The north-east part of the county includes some 
fenland, Whittlesea Mere, &c. 
Hops take up a large area in Kent : next to which county come 
Hereford and Sussex. Besides these counties, it is only in 
Surrey, Hants, and Worcester, that hops are grown in any quan- 
tity. The unequal distribution of this crop is very remarkable,, 
as there appears no sufficient reason why it should not be culti- 
vated in many other districts. Everywhere below the Chalk 
escarpment, hops might probably be cultivated with great suc- 
cess ; and the Vale of Pewsey, for instance, would seem especially 
suited for them. 
X. — Annual Report of the Consulting Chemist for 1870. 
The publication of the periodical Reports of the Chemical Com- 
mittee has awakened the agricultural community to the painful 
fact, that oilcakes, as well as artificial manures, are frequently 
sold in an adulterated condition, or at prices much exceeding 
their real commercial value. 
The analytical work in 1870 has increased in an unprecedented 
degree, no doubt in consequence of the issue of these Reports. 
Before 1868 the average number of analyses for members was 
about 330, for 1867 it amounted to 341. A considerable increase 
took place in 1868, when 432 analyses were made for members 
