Report on the Farm-Prize Cowpetition, 1871. 311 
sufficiently they are scufllcJ and hoed with a 9-inch hoe hy task 
labour, twice over, at a cost of ds. per acre. Altogether they get 
three horse-hoeings, wdiich generally complete the work. Half 
the swedes grown upon the stronger land are usually pulled off 
and stored near the buildings, to be consumed by the cattle and 
sheep in yards and feeding-sheds ; of the remainder, part is got 
up and stored on the land, some being left for the older sheep to 
eat as they grow, with a liberal allowance of cake and corn. Of 
the turnips grown on the lighter land, not more than one-third is 
taken off, the remainder being stored upon the land and eaten 
with fatting sheep, eating cake. Common white turnips (except- 
ing some few led off upon the grass to break in the lambs) are 
wholly eaten on the land, with the addition of cake and corn, as this 
portion of the root-crop is generally followed by spring wheat. 
The cost of pulling and storing the turnips is about IO5. per acre. 
Mangolds. — These also succeed wheat and oats. The stubbles 
are deeply cultivated in the autumn by steam power, manured 
upon that cultivation at the rate of 14 cart-loads of manure to 
the acre, and afterwards ploughed at a depth of 6 or 7 inches 
for the Avinter. The following spring the land is worked bv 
cultivators, harrowed, and thoroughly pulverized ; and about the 
middle of April, if the season will allow, the following artificial 
manures are sown broadcast: guano 2 cwts., superphosphate 
3 cwts., and an addition of 2 cwts. of salt to the acre. The 
manure being scarified in, and the seed deposited by drill upon 
the flat, at a distance of 22 inches betwixt the rows, sundry horse- 
hoeings are given in due course, and the work is completed by 
singling the plants. Early in November they are pulled and 
stored near the homestead, at a cost of about 6s. per acre. 
Barley. — This crop succeeds mangolds and turnips. The 
turnip-land is ploughed as soon as the season will allow after 
the turnips are consumed, at a depth of about 4 inches, the earlier 
the better to secure the effect of the frost. After this, harrowing 
only is needed in the spring to prepare the land for the seed, 
which is drilled early in March, at the rate of 12 pecks to the 
acre. Golden melon barley is the variety sown, being considered 
most productive ; and the quality generally sown appears suitable 
to the variety of soil. Where barley succeeds wheat it is dif- 
ferently treated ; the wheat-stubble is ploughed early in the 
autumn and worked in the spring by Coleman's cultivator, so as 
to thoroughly eradicate any weed-seeds that might happen to 
grow : thus worked, it is drilled with the same variety and quantity 
of seed per acre. After the drill 3 cwts. per acre of superphos- 
phate (Griffin and Morris's) is sown by hand, harrowing both the 
barley and tillage in together. The cost of the manure is 21s, 
per acre. 
