Report on the Farm-Prize Competition, 1871. 313 
month would be invariably preferred if only the weather could 
be depended upon. Wheat succeedino: turnips is Talaver.a, and 
is sown fjenerally in the month of February or March. All 
second white corn crops are topdressed in the spring with 3 cwts. 
of superphosphates to the acre, the artificial being harrowed and 
rolled in. 
Beasts. — The cattle upon the farm are all purchased : those 
for summer grazing are bought in February, and occasionally in 
March ; and for winter feeding in August and September. From 
100 to 120 beasts, good bred cows and heifers, are annually fed 
off. Heifers are most approved, and if possible obtained. Half, 
say 50, are made fat and sold from grass, generally grazed upon 
the portion under irrigation which is not required for mowing ; 
they have an allowance of 4 lbs. of mixed cotton and linseed cake 
each per day. The beasts upon the farm were in a forward state, 
and were a good suitable lot of heifers. These will be replaced 
in August and September, and thus will have time to get fresh, 
and fit to be tied up in the stalls by the beginning of October ; 
and the best of these will get ready for sale at Christmas. 
Forty are tied up, and the remainder run loose in a yard, pre- 
paring to take the places of those sold off. The beasts tied up 
are fed with pulped turnips, grains, chopped straw, and 6 lbs. 
daily of a mixture of decorticated cotton-cake and bean-meal ; 
linseed-cake is also given separately twice daily, begining with 
2 lbs. and ending with 6 lbs. each beast, with a small quantity 
of chopped hay and straw. 
Mr. Winterton speaks well of grains for his feeding beasts, 
and allows them half a bushel each daily. They are brought by 
waggon from Burton-on-Trent, a distance of 9 miles ; and he 
frequently has 1000 bushels stored, as, when well compressed, 
they will keep for a length of time. The beasts, when loose 
in the yard, have the same mixture of pulped roots and grains, 
but a less quantity of cake and meal. Beasts for summer 
grazing, purchased in February, have also pulped roots, &c., up 
to grass, and consequently are turned out in a very forward con- 
dition. At an off-yard, conveniently situated for supplying that 
portion of the farm with manure, 12 heifers, purchased about 
Christmas, were wintered. These have no roots, but merely 
chopped straw, with an allowance of 4 lbs. of mixed cotton and 
linseed cake per day, continued up to grass. We saw the 
animals thus treated when on grass, and their admirable condition 
proved the advantage of this preliminary treatment ; they were 
then receiving mixed cake, 4 lbs. per day. 
All cattle, both summer grazing and winter feeding, have an 
allowance of mixed cotton and linseed cake daily. 
Sheep. — Eighty Shropshire-down ewes are kept for breeding, 
, VOL. VII. — S. S. V 
