316 Report on the Farm-Prize Competition, 1871. 
without a garden, probably a mile or two from his work. It is 
the duty ot the farmers, as employers, to protect the labourers; 
for if they have an exorbitant rent to pay for their cottage, they 
must have increased wages ; and Mr. Winterton is favoured in 
having a sufficiency of cottage accommodation for the labourers 
employed upon his farm. These labourers have their cottages 
and 12s. %d. per week during the winter months of 39 weeks, 
and one quart of beer per day, costing 4fZ. per gallon. Beyond 
their cottage gardens, they are allowed to plant potatoes in the 
farm upon one-twelfth of an acre. During the summer months, 
13 weeks, their wages are 16s. Gr/. per week, with no beer. Four 
boys employed have for their winter wages 3.v. to 3s. 6(Z. per 
week, and during the summer 5s. 6f/. One labourer, acting as 
shepherd, has, during the winter months, 39 weeks, 16s. per 
week, and, during the summer of 13 weeks, 21s. ; one quart of 
beer per day is allowed thoughout the year. The total cost 
of labour amounts annually to 650/. 
Buildings. — The house is situated very nearly in the centre 
of the farm, with a good road leading to it ; there are also good 
roads through the farm. The farm buildings have been recently 
erected by the landlord, the tenant giving the leading, and the 
landlord charging 2|- per cent, on the outlay. The buildings 
are very convenient and commodious. A shed for tying-up 
cattle is very complete, holding 52 beasts, each pair of beasts 
being divided by stalls of 7 feet in width ; from the centre is 
a roadway 3 feet 9 inches wide, the beasts being fed on each side 
at the head ; the width of the building is 33 feet, which affords 
sufficient room behind. There are a good barn and a root-house, 
in which the pulping, grinding, and chopping are done by a fixed 
steam-engine of 4-h()rse-power. A yard is situated on the south 
side of the feeding-shed, with ample shed-room ; and on the north 
side also is a yard as a receptacle for manure from the feeding- 
shed and cart-horse stables, the latter being very conveniently 
situated and with every requisite accommodation. As far as the 
present buildings are concerned, they are most convenient ; but 
we think Mr. Winterton needs another foldyard and a shed for 
his portable engine and threshing-machine. Everything about 
the premises indicated order and system. 
General Remarhs. — It would be difficult to find a more marked 
contrast than is afforded by this and tlie First-Prize Farm, yet 
both are examples of a liberal and judicious employment of 
capital, tending to profitable results. In this case, an unusually 
large amount of stock is led by a very heavy outlay in purchased 
food, and as a consecpicnce of this system the land is maintained 
in a high state of fertility, which enables it to yield heavy and 
frequent crops of corn. The returns, moreover, from such a system 
