340 
Report on the Farm-Prize Competition, 1871. 
there are seven males, four females, and three young cliildren to be 
fed and cared for. It is not very wonderful that Mrs. Walker, the 
daughter of a successful and retired dairy-farmer, at one time 
resolved that she would not be the dairy-maid ; but the difficulty of 
getting hired servants to successfully manage a dairy eventually 
broke down her resolution, and she now smiles at her work, 
though this round of duties knows no cessation, for the cheese- 
making here continues all through the winter. I therefore feel 
that I cannot better conclude than in the words of Mr. MacAdam 
in his admirable treatise on 'Domestic Dairying:' — 
" At present there is heard from many quarters a loud and 
earnest appeal for sufficient rest and leisure, and fewer hours oi 
labour, and no class has better cause to turn this appeal into a 
demand than those employed in cheese-making. It is no un- 
common thing to find them engaged from 5 o'clock in the 
morning till after 8 at night, in milking, making, and turning 
cheese, or cleaning the dairy and utensils ; and this Egyptian 
bondage is seldom lightened by the repose and sanctity of the 
Sabbath, for the thoughtlessness, or prejudice, of landlords and 
farmers, or a false motive of economy, often compel them to 
continue their drudgery on that day. Surely such a state of 
affairs is worse than a want of profit, and far more reprehensible 
than a lack of success. Must these have no leisure, no recreation, 
no culture, nothing save the protracted hours of labour and a 
stinted allowance of rest? Must all their energies of mind and 
body be directed to the accomplishment of such tasks as selfish- 
ness or apathy is pleased to impose, and which circumstances 
compel them to perform ? " 
When Mr. MacAdam penned the above, he was an advocate 
for ' Domestic Dairying.' He and his sons are now managing 
several American Cheese Factories, and he advocates their 
adoption in England with still greater prospects of success. 
General Eemakks. 
Dairy Management. — Hitherto no register of results has been 
kept in the majority of home dairies showing the pounds of 
milk taken to make a pound of cheese or butter, by which means 
alone the value of milk for such purposes can be compared. 
The experiments with churns at the Oxford Show last year had 
a value beyond what was expected, bringing to view how small a 
quantity of butter was obtained from the milk experimented 
upon ; and the large prizes offered for dairy-farms this year have 
afforded an opportunity of getting from the competitors the 
quantity of cheese and butter, and the labour required under 
