424 
Market- Gardeniiiff. 4 
On the 11th July a large bed ^vas planted with collards and 
Walchcren brocoli in alternate rows, at 18 inches from row to 
row. The brocoli will be sent to market in November. There 
is a large fenced plot for cucumbers and vegetable-marrows. 
The very deej) cultivation which is frequently heard of, and 
occasionally practised in agriculture with more or less profit, 
has not been found desirable in market-gardens. The cabbages, 
greens, cauliflowers, brocoli, onions, potatoes, cucumbers, &c., 
which fill the markets of London, are generally grown on a 
7 or 8 inch furrow ; and as a rule, only one furrow is turned 
for each crop. In the case of subsoiling for late carrots and for 
parsnips, the object appears to be to give mechanical assistance 
to the root, to enable it to run down long and tapering. One 
of the most eminent growers of parsnips in the metropolitan 
district cultivates 9 or 10 inches deep by means of a common 
plough, followed by a subsoil plough. A 6 or 7 inch furrow 
is enough for two horses, and 3 or 4 inches are as far as the 
subsoiler reaches in a gravel loam with three horses. Trenching, 
double-digging, bringing the bottom spit uppermost, and all 
those tricks of tillage described in gardening books, are repu- 
diated by market-gardeners, who do not pay much attention to 
the "mine of wealth" which does not exist in gravel subsoils; 
they seem to think that the sources of wealth lie in the dung- 
cart and in the judicious management of the upper spit. 
Mr. W. W. Glenny has been good enough to permit me to 
give an account of his garden-farm at Barking. It consists of 
150 acres of gravel loam, made rich and friable with manure, 
and kept in the highest state of cultivation. The farm is entirely 
in vegetables, with the exception of 18 acres of permanent pasture, 
and 16 of wheat, on the stiffest land, Avhich is furthest from the 
railway station. 
At the time of my visit the acreage of the farm was thus 
appropriated: — Potatoes, H4 ; permanent pasture, IS; spring- 
sown and Lisbon onions, 15 ; cabbage, 12 ; red ditto, 2 ; seed- 
beds, 2 ; carrots, 7 ; parsnips, 9-j ; French beans, G ; scarlet 
runners, 3; vetches and green food for horses, 4; parsley, 1^^; 
willow and osier beds, li ; wheat, 13; mangold, 1^; peas, &; 
asparagus, 1 ; men's allotments, 1 ; cucumbers and marrow, 2 :. 
seeds, 1 ; buildings, roads, brook, and small crops, such as sage, 
&c., 11. 
Twelve horses are kept to cultivate the farm, convey the 
produce a distance of eight miles to London, and to cart manure. 
The sums paid for dung, exclusive of cartage, during the past 
three years have been— 211/. 9*-. 3d., 27 1 L I65. Id., and 278/. 
15s. 2d. From 400 to 700 bushels of soot were also used in 
