Market- Gardening. 
429 
The quantity of manure purcliased yearly is about 10,000 
tons, besides bones to tlie value of 300/. The live stock at the 
present time consists of 25 bullocks, and 220 sheep to eat the 
aftermath. A large portion of the manure is brought from 
London by the waggons returning after carrying goods to 
market. 
The farm is divided into 540 acres of arable and 80 acres of 
grass land. About 160 acres produce two marketable crops 
yearly, or, if it can be so expressed, 700 acres of crops are 
grown in each year on the 540 acres. The principal crops, and 
the customary breadths of each, are the following : — potatoes, 
200 ; onions, carrots, and parsnips, 130 ; cabbages, 90 ; corn, 
principally wheat, and turnip, cabbage, and other seeds, 50 ; 
rhubarb, 20 ; mangold, 20 ; a variety of small crops and seed- 
beds, 30. 
The second crops are collards, following potatoes, cabbages, 
or onions ; potatoes following spring cabbages ; mangold trans- 
planted after cabbages up to about 10th J uly ; and savoys and 
cabbages after any other crop removed in spring. 
The rules observed in cropping are to apply heavy dressings 
*o the gross-feeding crops ; to place some others, such as onions, 
•at wide intervals in the rotation ; to select the best land for 
crops like cabbages and savoys, which require strong land ; to 
keep the breadth of potatoes within 200 acres ; to use corn, 
which is not a paying crop, as a rest or change for the land, and 
mangold as a cleansing crop, i. e., one which induces a healthy 
growth in the next crop. 
No regular rotation is adhered to, but the following examples 
may be taken as an approximation of the system of cropping : 
1, potatoes and greens ; 2, parsnips or carrots ; 3, mangold ; 
4, onions and cabbages. Or, 1 cabbage and savoys ; 2, parsnips 
•or carrots ; 3, onions ; 4, potatoes. 
In order to give the reader a general idea of the distribution 
•of the 9Z. per acre per annum exj)ended on labour, I shall notice 
•the main items connected with each crop. 
(1.) Potatoes and Greens. — The land is left unploughed till 
March ; it is, however, cultivated deeply in spring for this 
■crop and for most others. As the next year's crop ought not to 
be manured, the potatoes get an unusually heavy dressing, such 
as 30 tons of short manure per acre, ploughed in with three 
horses and a 10-inch furrow in March. The sets are planted in 
every other furrow, at 18 inches by 15 inches in the row. They 
•are hoed and moulded in the usual way, and marketed in June, 
July, and August. The potato-gang were lifting a large crop of 
early jiotatoes, exceeding 4 tons per acre, on July 7th, at Qs. 8d. 
per ton, weighed in the field, and the haulm raked neatly into 
