Report on the Trials of Implements at Wolverliampton. 489 
successive effects. The fork G, in beinj; turned at right angles tn the course 
of the implement, first tightens the piece of chain 1, which connects the short 
Fig. 7. — 3Icssrs. Foicler and Go's Turning Cultivator, No. 6497. 
tail-end of the fork with the segment J, keyed to the cranked axle, M, of the 
wheels A A (of which the spokes and bosses arc omitted from the drawing in 
■order to display the action); the segment anl axle are thus turned part of a 
revolution, so that the wheels are depressed, or rather the cultivator is raised 
upon the axle, and the tines lifted clear out of the ground. Eatchet-teeth 
upon the segment, being held by a catch on the lever-handle K, retain the cul- 
tivator suspended out of work until the attendant pleases. In the next place, 
the short piece of chain L, which connects a link sliding along the cross-bar of 
the fork G, with the transverse ring of the steering-wheel, is tightened, so that 
the steering-wheel is turned in a sideway direction, in readiness for running 
round the semicircle requisite for turning the implement. The continued pull 
of the rope F then hauls the cultivator end for end, at the same time wheeling 
it round upon fi-esh ground. And lastly, the rope F, having brought the fork 
piece again to its place over the fore-carriage, draws the implement along its 
new journey, the rope E becoming the tail-rope, held out by the fork-arm in 
the line of the succeeding course. The return of the fork to its front position 
loosens the chain I, leaving the segment free to turn, and to lower the cul- 
tivator when the attendant releases the catch, which he does by pulling the 
handle K. In this way — occupying only a few seconds in practice, though 
rather tedious to describe in words — the reversal of a cultivator of any width 
is effected without the attendant leaving his seat, and the comioactness of the 
turning leaves small and neat headlands, without a series of long wedge- 
shaped strips of untouched ground at the ends. The depth of work is regu- 
lated by a stop, which prevents the cranked axle turning beyond a certain 
point ; but each tine can be set higher or lower by its fastening. Diamond 
points, spud points, or broad double-winged shares, in fact, twelve difl'erent 
shapes are used upon the tine-stems, according to the nature of the operation 
desired. The cultivator is constructed wholly of moirght iron, and the tines are 
of great strength, and supported by solid forged sockets. It will be observed 
that the tines are arranged so as to break up the wheel-tracks, leaving the 
work without any marks of the wheels whatever. Dishes or expanded covers 
convexed outwards are placed round the bosses of the wheels A A, between 
the spokes and the main-frame, as a protection against falling dirt. 
The G-furrow balance combined plough and digger need not be described, 
VOL. VII. — S. S. 2 K 
