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III. Tlie Agriculture of Pemlrokeshire. By W. Bareow Wall, 
of Pembroke. 
Pkize Essay. 
Iktroduction. 
The past literature on this subject, so far as it has come under 
my notice, does not seem to me very satisfactory, as there has 
been so much copying by one writer from another that very 
little original matter remains. The Royal Agricultural Society 
having invited an essay on the agriculture of the county with- 
out restricting the writer in any way, I shall endeavour to 
record what has come under my observation during nearly 
twenty years, and avoid quoting from former works as much as 
possible. 
In dealing with this subject, my object will be to point out 
the nature of the soils with their varying qualities, and, after 
cursorily detailing the customary systems of the county, to 
suggest, to the best of my ability, in what directions the systems 
may be modified to advantage. 
That there are in Pembrokeshire farmers thoroughly versed 
in the most approved and advanced systems of modern agricul- 
ture is well known to all who take an interest in the subject, 
and I am only too conscious of the fact that many of these 
gentlemen, were they disposed, could deal with the subject iri 
a manner that would entirely eclipse my humble efforts. 
Area, Poprilation, ^"c. — The county of Pembroke, comprising 
some 400,000 acres, and with a population of rather more than 
90,000, projects into St. George's Channel. It is wave-bound 
on the north, west, and south, as a consequence of which, 
together with the influence of a portion of the Gulf Stream, 
which wends its way south of Ireland, the climate is usually 
very temperate. In conformation the county varies much, and 
although the highest part is 1754 feet above the sea-level, 
the face of the county has, generally speaking, an undulating, 
rather than a mountainous appearance, the series of hills 
becoming higher and higher as they retreat from the coast 
until the culminating point, called Precelly Top, is reached in 
the north-east of the county. The coast is formed for the most 
part of majestic cliffs and headlands. Milford Haven separates 
the extreme south-west almost entirely from the portion north 
of it. 
The county is extremely rich in a botanical sense, and the 
verdure extends to the top of the Precelly Mountains ; ferns, 
gorse, and heather flourish most extensively, but trees, except in 
