98 
The Agriculture of Pembrokeshire. 
In the first place, I think that " elementary agriculture " 
should be taught in all the rural schools of the county. 
The second is that landlords should continue the course — which 
the majority of them have commenced — of providing their 
tenants with sufficient and suitable buildings, so that they may 
manage their farms and cattle in the most advantageous manner. 
Thirdly, I would suggest that landlords assist their tenants in 
the purchase of artificial manures ; not by bearing any of the 
cost, but by using their influence, either individually or in com- 
bination, to secure for their tenants manures of the value paid 
for them. This could be easily managed, and is, I believe, 
already practised by one landlord, if not by more. 
The fourth suggestion is, that landlords should not only have 
their estates carefully mapped, and the varying nature of the 
soils — in separate fields, or even in different parts of the same 
field — specified for their own information, but should supply 
each of their tenants with this information so far as it affected 
his holding. 
The fifth suggestion would be almost certain to be carried 
out if the last one was adopted ; it is, that land requiring it 
shall be drained and put into a condition suitable for obtaining 
the most profit from it. There can be little question that 
drainage, and, in the case of arable land, deep ploughing, 
would produce this condition on most of the formations of the 
county ; but probably on the coal-formation and millstone-grit 
it would be advisable, after drainage had done its work, to sub- 
soil in preference to deep ploughing. These soils in places 
contain constituents injurious to plant-life, therefore it would be 
preferable for these to be gradually washed downwards than to 
be brought to the surface. The suggestion which occupies the 
sixth place has reference to the storage of farmyard-manure. 
We have seen that farmers in this county have not sufficient 
farmyard-manure for their requirements, also that this manure 
is usually of inferior quality, from the sort of animals fortoing 
it, and the nature of the food supplied to them. Again, this 
manure is stored in an open yard, or in a heap exposed to 
rain. 
It is generally understood throughout the country that it is 
advisable to protect the manure-heap from rain ; and if this is 
the case in counties where the rainfall does not exceed 25 inches 
in the year — such as the eastern counties of England, — how 
much the more necessary must it be in this county, where the 
rainfall ranges from 40 to 50 inches in the year. Supposing 
we have a heap of manure about 8 yards wide by 12 yards 
long, or say 100 square yards in area of surface; then, as 
1 inch of rainfall over 1 square yard means from 4J to 
