in Northumberland and Durham in 1887. 585 
It will be seen that England generally has a population twice 
as dense, and Durham one four times as dense, as that of 
Northumberland. But if the details of the Census Returns 
be examined, it will be found that more than 60 per cent, of 
the whole population of the county is congregated in the 
neighbourhood of Newcastle. The Newcastle and Tynemouth 
Registration Districts, which include only about 46,000 acres, 
or less than 4 per cent, of the whole area of the county, have a 
population of 264,427 persons, or nearly 61 per cent, of the 
total population. In the North and West, as in the Bellingham 
and Rothbury Registration Districts, the population was ex- 
tremely small, ranging from 16 to 25 per square mile. 
The total number of persons classed in the Census Returns as 
engaged in agriculture was, in 1881, 15,198 males and 3703 
females, or 18,901 in all. In addition to these, 2593 persons 
were classed as engaged about animals.* The total agricul- 
tural class (not including children) comprised 21,494 persons. 
It appears from these figures that the whole agricultural class 
was barely 5 per cent, of the population, while those directly 
engaged in agriculture were only 4*3 per cent, of the whole 
population of the county. 
The following Table exhibits some curious facts as to the 
relative numbers directly engaged in agriculture in the two 
counties of Northumberland and Durham : — 
Northumberland. 
Durham. 
Total number of persons engaged in agriculture 
18,901 
14,574 
Number per 100 acres of total area .... 
1-47 
2-25 
Number per 100 acres of cultivated area 
2-38 
3-43 
It is worthy of notice that the total number enumerated 
in 1881 as agricultural labourers in Northumberland was 
8349 males and 3361 females, or 11,710 persons, besides 
which there were 1274 shepherds, and 363 farm bailiffs. 
These three classes thus included 12,073 persons, a number 
far exceeded by that of the miners in the same county, who 
were 21,567. 
Industries. — The trade and commerce of the county, which 
are chiefly concentrated in the populous region in the neigh- 
bourhood of Newcastle, are extensive and varied. Coal mines, 
* This class includes gi-ooms, veterinary surgeons, cattle salesmen, drovers, 
gamekeepers, &c., &c. 
