tlic Liquid Manure of a Farm. 
7 
The 10 Jicrcs which it is pi()])()scd yearly to irrigate, bein^i^ com- 
posed of 5 acres of year-okl rye-grass, and 5 acres of two-year 
old, these surface-pipes remain for two seasons unmoved. On 
the line of pipe B there must be at point D a branch cast 
on the pi}>e, to allow tlie otiier pipes to be attached when neces- 
sary for irrigating that portion of land which is nearest to it. 
Tliat the liquid may be equally distributed over every portion 
of the square, other movable pipes will be required, which may 
be applied at D and C, so as to form three leads DD', DD'", CD" ; 
these may be of galvanized sheet-iron of 20 gauge, and 2^ inches 
inside diameter, in lengths of 15 feet. The joints are formed of 
a collar of vulcanized india-rubber, permanently bound round on 
the end of one pipe, and fixed to the other by a cramp-iron 
wedged up tight. A yard or two of gutta-percha should be used 
to ease off' the bends at the different points of connection. ^ 
gutta-percha or other flexible pipe will be attached at D' D" D , 
commanding a range of 1:^ acres from each point. This pipe 
for convenience may be joined in the middle by a brass screw 
joint. 
I have seen descriptions of distributing-maqhines recommended 
as economizers of labour, &c., but their advantages, if they possess 
any, are more than counterbalanced. The common form is an 
arrangement for winding the hose round a drum, and in this 
position the fluid is forced through and distributed from a nozzle 
having a small orifice, and throwing the liquid to various distances 
through the air. Such a machine, independent of its costliness, 
has the disadvantage of causing a considerable loss of force pro- 
portionate to the curvatures introduced. The amount of friction 
and resistance thus brought into action causes a diminished ve- 
locity in the fluid mass, which causes a reduction in the quantity 
discharged. 
At the mouth of the gutta-percha pipe, a small piece of metal 
should be fixed at such an angle that the fluid, when forced 
against it, distributes itself in a fish-tail form on the land. I 
do not think it advisable to force the liquid through a small 
orifice in the shape of a jet, as this involves loss of power as well 
as of ammonia, and the person directing the pipe cannot insure 
such an even delivery over the surface as when it is only thrown to 
the distance of a few feet. To distribute evenly and weil is a 
very nice operation, requiring care and attention. It seems of 
little importance at the time, that a few yards in one place should 
get twice or three times as much of dressing as another small 
plot, and at first all looks uniform and fair- above; but as the 
crop proceeds, the difference is shown to a line, by the uneven 
growth which is exhibited. In considering the amount of piping, 
