230 
On the Economy of Carting. 
advance was made. Local attachments, which had then to be 
respected, may now perhaps have ceased ; and, as education 
has advanced, a power has been gained of foreseeing and esti- 
mating the benefits to be derived from a proposed change, which 
is, generally, entirely wanting in uneducated or ill-educated men. 
An interesting account will be found in the Journal of the 
Bavarian Agricultural Society for February, 1860, of the manner 
in which reallotments and enclosures are conducted in that 
country. Nowhere does the work seem to be more needed ; 
for in the first revision spoken of, the prime mover of the work 
had 400 plots of ground scattered here and there, to form an 
estate of 1500 " Tagwerke," and these were exchanged for seven 
fields. But nowhere does the kindly, genial temperament of the 
nation appear to greater advantage ; for by the aid of a govern- 
ment district-engineer, the matter is amicably arranged, in spite 
of attempts at overreaching, without legal proceedings, and a 
cross is erected and consecrated to commemorate the auspicious 
event. The force of public opinion is probably brought to bear 
on impracticable opponents, for one Hagel is denounced as such ; 
and, at the same time, proprietors who show liberality and public 
spirit are suitably mentioned : but happy is that society in which 
such influences are sufficiently telling to prevail over the general 
selfishness which among ourselves is mostly tolerated, if not 
recognised as natural, and, in some sort, right. 
In England, although the work of enclosing is almost complete, 
there are still many estates on which in no other way could so great 
improvements be made at a moderate outlay of money, time, and 
thought, as by a judicious readjustment of the different holdings. 
It is a work, however, that will try the temper, discretion, and 
practical knowledge of the agent. If he work by the map only, 
or if he be too impatient and dictatorial to listen to suggestions, 
or too ignorant of practical details to appreciate the tenant's 
explanations ; or again, if he be not firm enough to carry through 
a well-investigated measure in the face of some opposition ; he 
had better remain quiet, and draw his salary. If he does his 
work well, his best reward will be, when the sturdy, honest, illi- 
terate man, who put up his back most resolutely against these 
changes, in a few years admits handsomely and publicly the 
great good which they have done. — P. H. F. 
