290 
French Experimciilal Farm at. Vaiijours. 
The entire outlay made for this object was as follows : — 
1. Labour : — £. £. 
Eartliwork, making; quay for barge, and cntting trenches 108 
Briekhiyer and carpenter for tunnel, shed, tank, &c. .. 236 
344 
2. Implements : — 
Letestu's pump, which lifts 25 tons per hour 100 
Gargan's moveable steam-engine, 6 horse-power .. .. 272 
3. Pipes:— "^'^ 
3000_ metres (3250 yards) of iron pipe (bitumine'), 
4i-inch, at 5s. per metre, including fixing 720 
Stop-cocks, valves, &c 96 
Moveable pipes, Gargan's ]ilan, with bayonet joints .. 96 
Contingent expenses '. 56 
968 
4. Plant:— 
1 barge, holding 40 tons 60 
3 water-carts, at 8^., and 1 liand-cart 32 
92 
5. General charges : — 
Engineer for superintendence 28 
Miscellaneous charges 24 
(Mis-stated as 1800?.) £1828 
The company, acting as a pioneer for others, has paid dearly 
for its experience. It is elsewhere estimated that this work 
might now be executed for little more than two-thirds of the 
original outlay. As it is, the great bulk of the land has been 
brought directly under the tubular system, whilst the few out- 
lying pieces not so circumstanced are within easy reach of the 
cisterns ; and this has been accomplished at an average cost of 
8/. per acre for the 225 acres of which the farm is composed — an 
outlay which may ])e compared with Mr. Blackburn's estimate 
of 214Z. for 20 acres, given in p. 14 of this volume. 
Moveable Pipes. 
Moveable pipes, as it is stated, are often made of leather, 
canvas, gutta-percha, or india-rubber ; but breakages, contrac- 
tions at the points of flexion, and rapid wear are against the use 
of such organic substances. 
Following in the track traced out by Lord Essex, by Mr. Harvey 
of Glasgow, and the works in the Bois de Boulogne, the Directors 
at Vauj ours employ moveable pipes made of plate-iron 21",, inches 
in diameter, and 8 yards 2 feet long, this being the greatest length 
which the works can turn out ; to the end of the pipe is attached 
a tube of india-rubber 2J inches in diameter, strengthened inside 
by a spiral thread of iron-wire ; sufficient pl<ay at the joint is 
thus attained without any diminution in the size of the conduit ; 
