294 
French Experinienfal Farm at Vaiijours. 
When everything was in good order we emptied a barge-load 
per day with two carts; but in the winter of 1857-58, from the 
defects either in the pump or the roads, this work occupied one 
and a half, or even two days. 
A further sum of 2d. per ton must be added to this for wear 
and tear of dead stock ; which is calculated at 8^ per cent. 
(tV "po!'' ctM ") on 200/., the value of the barges, pump, and 
carts, and the amount divided between 2000 tons of manure. 
No account is taken of s]>rings broken, carts damaged, and 
manure lost by accidents. The annexed illustration shows the 
relative positions of the canal and l^arge ; the reservoir and the 
tap from which the barrel-cart was filled : 
Some small portions of the farm are still irrigated from the 
cart, which is readily filled at the nearest point of the moveable 
conduit by a perpendicular pipe. 
This pipe acts as an hydraulic crane ; a canvas arm conveys 
the liquid to the bung-hole at such a rate as to fill 1 or 1|- ton 
in two minutes. The distribution has been much simplified by 
an improvement suggested by M. Moreau, an agriculturist of 
Sevran ; an orifice, nearly 2 inches wide, made at the bottom of 
the cart, is closed l)y a stopper, which is removed by a horizontal 
lever ; as the liquid flows, it falls upon a small metal cone (a 
mushroom head), and thence is diffused to the width of the 
wheels. As the horse moves, the liquid paraboloid applies a 
well-defined shower without gaps to the surface of the field. By 
these means the dressing is perhaps more evenly applied than by 
the hose. 
Such a cart, with fittings, complete, costs 12/. 16s. 
Cost of Liquid Mamtre laid on by Steam-pou-cr and Pipes. 
The emptying and applying a barge-load by steam-power and 
pipes will occupy half a day, and will cost: — 
fv. c. 
For fireman ami bargeman 3 0 
,, coal and oil 1 50 
„ Ibremau and assistants dislributiuLT 4 65 
fr. 9 15 
