and on Miscellaneous Inventions at the Birmingham Show. 289 
The " Pulsometer " consists mainly of a single casting called 
the body, which is composed of two chambers (A A) joined side 
by side, with tapering necks bent towards each other, and sur- 
mounted by another casting, called the neck (J), accurately 
fitted and bolted to it, in which the two passages terminate in 
a common steam-chamber, wherein the ball-valve (I) is fitted 
so as to be capable of oscillation between seats formed in the 
junction. Downwards the chambers (A A) are connected with 
the induction passage (C), wherein the inlet valves (E E) are 
arranged. A discharge chamber, common to both chambers, 
and leading to the discharge pipe (D) is also provided, and 
this also contains one or two valves, according to the purpose 
to be fulfilled by the pump. The air-chamber (B) is made in 
the same casting as the chambers, and communicates with the 
suction. In some instances it is divided by a diaphragm, and 
one portion communicates with the suction and the other with 
the delivery. The induction and discharge chambers are closed 
by covers (H H) accurately fitted to the outlets by planed joints, 
and readily removed when access to the valves is required. 
Small aii-cocks are screwed into the cylinders and air-chamber 
for use, as will hereafter be described. These are the general 
outlines of the construction of the apparatus, and they are suf- 
ficient for the understanding of the nature of its operations. 
The pump being filled, either by pouring water through 
the opening in the chamber, or by drawing the charge, is ready 
for work. Steam being admitted through the steam-pipe (K) 
(by opening to a small extent the stop-valve) passes down that 
side of the steam neck which is left open to it by the position 
of the steam- ball, and presses upon the small surface of water 
in the chamber which is exposed to it, depressing it without any 
agitation, and consequently with but very slight condensation, 
and driving it through the discharge opening and valve into the 
rising main. 
The merit of the " Pulsometer " is in great measure due to the 
arrangements for preventing the steam from being largely con- 
densed by contact with the water or other liquid which is to be 
pumped, during the emptying of the chamber. To this effect 
the peculiar form of the chambers greatly contributes ; but it 
is also believed that the admission of air (through the air- 
cocks) which is afterwards somewhat condensed by the rising 
of the water, tends to prevent the intimate contact of the steam 
and water. That a successful result is produced is easily shown 
by the very small amount of heat which is imparted to the dis- 
charged water by the steam which has raised it. 
The moment that the level of the water is as low as the 
orifice which leads to the discharge, the steam blows through 
VOL. XIII. — S. S. U 
