Report on the American and Canadian Meat Trade. 317 
■could contemplate with equanimity the fate of these unfortunate famished 
animals. 
" The grass is neither rank nor very strong, but close, green and thriving ; 
whilst the same healthy promising appearance is displayed by the few patches 
of Indian corn, cotton, and oats — scarcely any wheat being grown in the south 
and south-western portions of the State, to which this letter particularly refers. 
' This, however,' says a Scotchman who has been resident here for several 
vears, 'is the best time for a stranger to see Texas. Now everything is 
green and healthy-looking, but if you were here in the end of June and July 
you would see everything scorched and withered-up with heat.'" 
Mr. L. F. Allen, Editor of the 'American Shorthorn Herd- 
Book,' in a letter to me dated Buffalo, New York, April 16th, 
speaks as follows of the Texan cattle : — " None but first-class 
cattle are fit for exportation. Texan cattle, so called, are com- 
paratively worthless, although thousands of them are slaughtered 
for packing, and any numbers of common ones of our native 
breed, uncrossed by improved bulls, fill our markets for home 
consumption, and at much lower prices than are taken for 
exportation." 
John T. Jones, Esq., of Barton, Arkansas, Master of the 
National Grange, in a letter dated May 12th, wrote to me: — 
" The meat resources of our country are incalculable — equal to 
the demands of any market. Better perfection in breeds I 
cannot conceive of than they now have in the older States, 
though there is great need of improvement in many of the new 
States, especially in the immense State of Texas — the largest 
cattle-producing State, perhaps, in the world." 
" The live and dead meat trade," says the ' Toronto Globe ' of May 18th, 
" has caused a marked increase of enquiry for shorthorn bulls and bull-calves 
of good constitution and pedigree. The series of shorthorn sales at Dexter 
Park, Chicago, closed on May 12th, after a four days' campaign of more than 
fair success. The great object now is to produce, from native stock, an animal 
that will mature a year earlier, weigh more when mature, and bring a higher 
price than the native cattle ; and in order to do this it is necessary to cross 
the latter with pure-bred animals which have had the traits of early maturity, 
massiveness, and juiciness implanted in them by several generations of breeding 
to these ends. For this shorthorns are prefered to any other breed, and already 
car-loads of young shorthorn bulls are being shipped to Texas and the West. 
The movement towards improving farm-stock is now fairly under way, and in 
after years these energetic measures will bear fruit. Some difficulty has been 
found in acclimatising pure-bred shorthorn bulls to the Texan climate, but 
with care bull-calves are found to do well." 
The special reporter of the ' Scotsman,' in the following, gives 
a good description of Kansas enterprise and capabilities. His 
descriptions may be accepted as fair and trustworthy : — 
" During the past three or four years, shorthorn bulls have been imported 
pretty largely, and it seems very probable that before the lapse of an equal 
period of time few others will be in use. The majority of these bulls have 
hitherto come from Illinois, Ohio, Indiana, and Kentucky; but by-and-by 
