342 Report on the American and Canadian Meat Trade. 
would do credit to any country whatever. Some of them, 
indeed, were exceptionally well-bred and well-fed animals. Five 
of them were especially excellent in these respects, one being a 
very remarkable animal. This one was a noble-looking bullock, 
fat and docile ; the following are his dimensions, taken on the 
spot : — 
Feet. Inches. 
Length from root of horns to root of tail .. ..8 9 
Girth behind the shoulders 9 4 
Height to tip of shoulder 5 8 
When he left Quebec, this animal weighed 3600 lbs. His 
dead-weight of flesh, at 57 % of the live-weight, would be 2052 
lbs., or 146^ stones of 14 lbs. to the stone. Of the other four, 
three were splendid bullocks, and the remaining one a beautiful 
heifer — all fattened in a superior manner, and averaging about 
100 stones net weight. All five of these animals had a great 
deal of shorthorn blood in them ; the heifer being almost, if not 
quite, pure bred, handsome in colour, and of nearly faultless 
symmetry. These cattle were bred and fed by Mr. Snell,* of 
Guelph, Ontario. 
During the summer-time, at all events, the live-cattle trade 
promises to partly supersede that of dead meat from Canada, 
whatever it may do from the States. A large proportion of 
these cattle are stalled on the upper deck where they displace 
no other cargo, as none at all would otherwise be carried there ; 
a temporary shedding of boards is put up along the sides of 
the ship, the cattle — a row of them on each side — facing each 
other. They are well bedded, and stand in pairs as in ordinary 
shippons, a trough for corn and water being placed conveniently 
in front of each pair. They are as comfortable as possible 
under the circumstances, though standing very near together to 
keep them steady when the ship rolls and pitches. During the 
voyage they are fed on hay and a mixture of Indian corn, meal 
and bran, &c. — fed, in fact, as they are before they leave their 
homes, as nearly as may be. 
The quantity of dead meat sent from Canada has been quoted 
to me by Mr. Tallerman of London, as follows : — during 1876, 
the quantity amounted to 142,016 lbs. ; January to March in 
the present year, 508,592 lbs. 
I am indebted to Professor Buckland for the following inte- 
resting and valuable letter : — 
" Toronto, Ontario, 
"DeakSir, "April 28, 1877. 
" I have much pleasure in acceding to your request to furnish you with 
information, as far as I am able, on the trade in fat cattle and sheep that has 
been recently commenced between Canada and the Mother Country. 
" I would observe, in reference to your principal enquiry, that in conse- 
