til Lancashire, Cheshire, and North Wales. 477 
The foggage, or aftermath, is let for sheep at so much per 
week. Occasionally Mr. Ashton sells his second-crop clover ; 
I think he mentioned having received 3d. per stone. He feeds 
his horses entirely on Indian corn. His lahour-hill is within 
a trifle of 3001. a year. Three carters whom he employs receive 
the equivalent of 23.9. per week. I give in full Mr. Ashton's 
mixture of grass-seeds per imperial acre : — 
1 bushel Percy's perennial 
rye-grass. 
-\ ditto Italian. 
3 lbs. red clover. 
3 lbs. cow-grass. 
3 lbs. alsike. 
2 lbs. Timothy-grass. 
2 lbs. cocksfoot. 
2 lbs. crested dogstail. 
2 lbs. rib-grass. 
H lb. trefoil. 
^ lb. giant white. 
1 lb. sweet vernal. 
1 lb. oat-<jrass. 
This is rather a singular mixture, and deserving of special 
notice. Some of these grasses, from their permanence, may add 
considerably to the hay-crop when the grass is cut the third 
year for hay. I would rather object to having any trefoil sown, 
somehow that, always appears of its own accord. It may be of 
interest, if merely for a record of the season, to note dates of 
cutting. Mr. Ashton began to cut Italian rye-grass and clover, 
sold green for the market, on the 16th of May ; and began to 
cut the second crop on the 5th of July. The hay-crop he com- 
menced on the 25th of June. He was also growing 8 acres of 
vetches to cut and cart away green ; a portion of these were to 
supply the live stock in the Liverpool Showyard. It may be 
beyond my province to suggest any improvement on such excel- 
lent management of land, but where there is such a demand for 
early green food, I would hint at the possibility of rye being 
sown immediately after the first of the grain-crop is carried ; 
it could be cut in time for a green-crop, and would be marketed 
fully twelve days earlier than Italian rye-grass. Trifolium 
incarnatum might be tried with advantage on some of these early 
stubbles ; a double turn of the harrows is sufficient to cover it. 
The implements on this farm of 166 acres areas follows: — 
2 waggons ; 2 large and 5 small carts ; 3 combined mowers and 
reapers ; 1 reaper ; 2 grubbers ; 2 scarifiers ; 2 double rest, 
2 double-furrow, and 5 swing ploughs ; 3 pairs of two-horse 
harrows ; 2 pairs of clover and seed-harrows ; 2 pairs of bow- 
harrows ; 2 drill-harrows ; 2 heavy-land rollers, also turnip and 
seed rollers ; 2 horse hay-rakes, and 2 hay-rowers ; winnowing 
machine, weighing machine, turnip-cutter and pulper, potato- 
crusher, and sundry other articles of use. Mr. Ashton has been 
a successful competitor in many local competitions, and it is 
possible that when Lord Derby made the statement that the 
