in Lancashire, Cheshire, and North H ales. 483 
top-dressed with 10 tons of Peruvian guano; 3h tons of nitrate 
of soda are used for the pasture. The season entirely militated 
against Mr. Whalley 's chance of success, especially with regard 
to the potato-crop. The hay-crop — one field in particular — was 
very fine. The winter wheat was also good. The harley and 
oats did not promise much bulk. The working-horses, of which 
there were seven, are all first-class animals. I have not men- 
tioned t wo good sows. Mr. Whalley lets his second crop of grass 
for sheep. The horses are fed entirely on Indian corn and 
chopped hay. The quantity of purchased manure used is over 
300 tons; there is a great deal made on the farm. The imple- 
ments are varied and sufficient. Both a wright and blacksmith 
are regularly employed on the farm. Mr. Whalley has two 
travelling mills, which he hires out in the neighbourhood. Some 
implements, especially a light harrow of his own construction, 
are held in great repute. He has been at very great expense in 
filling up those enormous pits which abound on many farms. 
The cost is very great, and would require a century to repay 
the labour-bill. The wages of the labourers are high, as the 
carters receive 22s. per week. Two men look after the cattle, 
and receive 10s. a week, with board. Mr. Whalley farms with 
the same rotation in general practice in the district ; and he has 
a system of utilising the potato-stems lor winter litter for stock, 
which he finds of great value, especially when straw is at such 
a high price. 
I cannot conclude this notice without expressing the pleasure 
we all felt in our inspection of this farm, and, with a more 
favourable season for his land, feel assured that Mr. Whalley 
will not easily meet with defeat in any competition he may 
choose to enter. 
Glenralon, the next farm I have to describe, lies in Denbigh- 
shire, North Wales, in Llangerniew parish, and is farmed by 
Mr. William Hughes. It is the property of Henry R. Sand- 
bach, Esq., whose seat is Hafodunos, Abergele. 
The farm consists of 284 acres. 
The soil may be called medium ; the subsoil is part gravel 
and some of it yellow clay. Those at all conversant with Welsh 
agriculture must know the difficulties farmers have to contend 
with, not only from the hilly nature of the country, but from the 
action of the glacial period of past ages. Even those fertile 
valleys (and there are many of them in Denbighshire) have 
huge blocks of rock which were carried there hy the icebergs 
of ancient days, and which interfere much with the cultivation 
of the land. When we inspected the farm on the 22nd of June, 
I was much struck with the contrast as compared with our winter 
visit last December. Though showery, we had a beautiful day, 
