484 , liepo?-t upon the Liverpool Prize-Farm Competition 
and were charmed not only with the beauty of the mountain 
scenery, but also impressed with the natural richness of the 
pastures. The very high system of arable farming, in the use 
ol horse- and cow-made manure, carried on in the Liverpool 
district, is an impossibility here ; but much is being done by 
this improving tenant. 
The system of rotation is, 1st. Roots ; 2nd. Wheat, barley, or 
oats ; 3rd. Seeds, which lie three or four vears. The farm was 
under the following crops : — ■ 
60 acres of oats (30 of them after turnips, 20 after grass, 10 
after white crops). 
5 acres wheat, red variety, after grass. 
10 acres barley, after turnips. 
These all promised to be fair average crops. 
4 acres potatoes, after oats, well manured. 
30 acres Swedish turnips, for which Mr. Hughes had pur- 
chased 7 tons of superphosphate, at 81. A portion of 
these turnips were growing upon mountain-land, which 
was newly reclaimed. 
23 acres hay. First year's crop, which was very good. 
15 acres two-year-old pasture. 
24 acres three-year-old ditto. 
30 acres four-year-old ditto ; also 
10 acres old rough grass. 
The arable land on this farm is described as 90 acres, with 
194 acres of pasture. These figures also show how much the 
tenant is doing for his farm. He has only been three years in 
the farm, about 100 acres having been reclaimed from mountain 
pasture and a portion limed, the grass all taken out by the root, 
not burned. There is much to contend with from rocky soil 
and high situation. The Swedish turnip-field is 994 feet above 
the sea-level, the farmhouse 421 feet. Still the climate is not 
late, Mr. Hughes' hay having been ready for cutting when we 
were there ; and I may also mention that we had early potatoes 
for dinner from Mr. Hughes' admirably managed garden, the 
first of open-air English growth we had seen. 
In a pastoral country, such as this, a large stock is required. 
The farm-work is done by 6 horses, good sized, wiry, and active, 
having plenty of power. Mr. Hughes had 4 colts bred on 
the farm, he sells 2 every year ; 150 ewes (suitable for a hilly 
country) and their produce, some of which are sold fat ; also 
180 wethers, bought in September, fed on grass, turnips, and 
oats ; 12 useful cows, Shorthorn crosses ; 12 two-year-old heifers 
and steers, 10 one-year-old ditto, and 3 sows. The poultry- 
