494 Report upon the Liverpool Prize-Farm Competition 
is wonderful, and shows how much can be done by industry and 
skill and a most liberal application of manure. 
Ireland's Farm, parish of Haleswood, the property of Colonel 
Blackburn, in the occupation of Mr. John Pownall, is an excellent 
illustration of Class III. The farm is 44 acres, or thereabouts, in 
extent : 38 acres arable, 6 acres old pasture. The soil is heavy ; 
the subsoil very strong clay. The tenure is yearly. This farm lies 
about eight miles from Liverpool. The rotation is, roots, wheat, 
oats, which are always manured ; then seeds, which lie for three 
or four years. A portion of last year's grass is made into summer 
fallow for wheat. The farm was inspected on 7th July. The 
crops were : — 
Wheat, 5 acres, after green crops and fallow. 
Oats, 5 acres, after wheat stubble well manured. 
Potatoes, mangolds, and turnips, 1^ acre. 
Clover hay, 5 acres. 
2-year old hay, 5 acres. 
7-year old hay, 5 acres. 
Pasture, 2 acres. 
Meadow, 6 acres. 
These crops were all exceedingly good, considering the nature 
of the season. Mr. Pownall's mixture of grass-seeds consists of 
red clover, cow-grass, alsike, trefoil, rib-grass, with Italian and 
perennial rye-grass. I saw some very fine Italian nearly ready 
for a third cutting. There is a considerable quantity of vege- 
tables grown on the farm. Mr. Pownall also sells a good deal of 
cutting grass (green). The stock consists of — 
2 cart-horses, for breeding and working. 
1 yearling and 1 foal. 
3 cows. Milk and butter sold. 
3 calves, and 1 brood-sow. 
About 200 tons of manure is brought to the farm annually. 
A little nitrate of soda is used for top-dressing Italian rye-grass 
for early cutting. All the hay and straw which can be spared 
are sold. Indian corn is used for every description of stock. 
Labour is supplied by one hired man, at 11. per week, and a boy 
lives in the house, who receives 2s. a week. Mr. Pownall has two 
cottages on the farm, which he lets at 11. a year. The hired labour 
on this farm appears comparatively small ; but, be it remembered, 
that Mr. Pownall is an exceedingly active man, and performs a 
very large amount of labour himself. He suffered alike with 
Mr. Turton from the adverse nature of the season for clay land, 
otherwise he would have run the winner very hard for first 
