32 
Arterial Drainage 
steamer, revolving in a trough with a self-acting door at the end 
towards the stream into which the water is lifted, which door closes 
directly the wheel ceases working. The wheel beats or carries 
the water on the ladles or floats from the lower to the upper side. 
The lift, or height which the water is raised, and the quantity 
lifted depend on the diameter of the wheel, the width of the 
floats, and the number of revolutions in a given time, A series 
of articles describing scoop-wheels, both theoretically and practi- 
cally, will be found in 'Engineering' for the year 1870, vol. ix. 
The illustration. Fig. 4, is a plan and elevation showing the 
Fig. 4. — Elevation and Plan of Scoop-wheel, ivith Shuttle for regulating' 
Water to it. 
wheel and the trough in which it works. These wheels vary in 
capacity from the size sufficient to drain a small tract of 50 or 
100 acres to the immense wheels used in the drainage of many 
thousand acres of Fen land. The drainage of Deeping Fen, in 
Lincolnshire, containing 25,000 acres, is effected by two of these 
wheels worked by powerful steam-engines. The larger wheel is 
80 feet in diameter and 28 feet wide, and the two are capable 
of lifting 300 tons of water a minute, the lift or head of water 
against which the wheels work being sometimes as much as 
6 feet. The drainage of the East Fen, in the same count}', 
containing about 30,000 acres, on the other hand, is effected by 
two Appold centrifugal pumps worked by high-pressure con- 
