especialhj in the Counties of Surrey and Sussex. 155 
the best cheese of a noted district. The dairy is under first-rate 
management, and the treatment of calves may be briefly summed 
up thus : — " They are taken from their dams at birth, and put 
on new milk for about three weeks, when the quantity of milk 
is gradually reduced, and Henri's food is given. Hay follows, 
with 1 lb. of linseed-cake daily, or its equivalent." Henri's 
food is largely used in Leicestershire in rearing calves, which 
seem to derive benefit from the mixture of an aromatic stimu- 
lating ingredient with the nutritious meal. 
Here is the receipt of a dietary given in somewhat more 
detail : — 6 quarts of new milk daily for fourteen days from birth, 
and for the next six weeks 2 gallons of skimmed milk, warmed 
and mixed with h lb. of linseed-cake, ^ lb. boiled linseed, and 
^ lb. split beans. To these approved receipts I will add one 
which Mr. Henry Ruck has laid before the Chamber of Agri- 
culture at Cirencester. Calves are reared on Mr. Ruck's principle 
with little or no milk after the first fortnight. His plan may 
be thus described : — 
" Seven lbs, of finely "iround linseed-cake is dissolved in 2 gallons of hot 
water, and to this is added 2 gallons of hay-tea ; 7 lbs. of mixed meal, con- 
sisting of equal parts of wheat, barley, oat, and bean-meal, is also added with 
2 gallons of water. This mixture, which may be described as 7 lbs. of 
linseed-cake ground fine, 7 lbs. of mixed meal, 2 gallons of hay-tea, 4 gallons of 
hot water, is given to the calves as follows : — 2 quarts in the morning, further 
diluted with 2 quarts of water, and 2 quarts mixed with 2, quarts of water at 
night. Upon this gruel the calves thrive well, and they are weaned from it 
at twelve weeks old, having cost not more than from Is. 3r/. to Is. 6d. per 
head per week. Mr Ruck is fully convinced of the practical method of wean- 
ing calves just described, but insists upon the importance of strict personal 
supervision and attention to the wants and peculiaries of apix;tite of each calf." 
On this last point I agree with him entirely, and consider his 
mixture valuable and worthy of attention ; but I should prefer 
approximating his plan to Mr. Carrington's, and suckling with 
new milk for three or four weeks, with skimmed milk after- 
wards, as " a much safer food," safe until three or four months old. 
After the above, the reader will probably conclude that calves 
are best weaned with new milk for several weeks. All changes 
of diet shotild be effected gradually. Suppose new milk has 
been used for two or three weeks, one-third of it may then be 
omitted and replaced with skimmed milk which has been boiled 
and allowed to cool to the natural temperature of new milk. 
In another week the quantity of the new milk may be further 
reduced, and boiled linseed added to the skimmed milk : 5 lbs. 
of linseed will make 7 gallons of gruel, and when the whole of 
the new milk has been omitted, this quantity of nutriment, or 
its equivalent in some other form, will prove sufficient for five 
calves, in addition to skimmed milk. The food should be given 
