158 
Early Fattening of Cattle, 
There seems to be no reason why, on purely arable farms, 
cattle should not be continuously as well fed as sheep. On 
mixed arable and grass farms young cattle can be kept more 
advantageously the first and second years on the pastures, to be 
fattened in the third year at about 2J years old. 
A few examples may be quoted from farms which I recently 
visited, and reported upon in 1870, and again more recently. 
jNlr. VV. M. Stanford (who farms his own land), of Broadbridge 
Farm, near Horsham, avails himself of his 105 acres of meadow 
and pasture on the banks of the River Arun. He has increased 
the breeding-stock since 1870, and has now a herd of 70 or 80 
Sussex cattle of all ages, fatting his home-breds on the pastures 
during the third summer, and finishing them in the stalls. At 
the end of May I found the cows on two-year-old " seeds," with 
calves by their sides, their own progeny, except in the case of the 
heifers whose offspring, born in December, had been already 
weaned. A heifer rears her own calf, dropped early, and three 
months later she takes the calf of another cow. The first-born 
calves were waiting in yards for their pastures and summer run. 
They had been early taught the use of cake, hay, and mangold. 
They get 1 lb. of cake daily till winter, and then 2 lbs., with half 
a bushel of roots and a small quantity of hay and straw. In 
their second year they are put on good grass in spring, when the 
cake is taken off; and the following winter they receive, at 
nearly two years old, 2 lbs. of cake daily, 1 bushel of roots and 
hay once a day, with uncut straw from the rack twice a day. 
This brings them to the third season, when they are put on good 
grass as before. In July they begin to get cake ; 3 lbs. daily, in- 
creased to 6 lbs. at Michaelmas, when they are stalled. This 
feeding is increased to 9 lbs. of cake and 3 lbs. of bean-meal for 
the last six weeks. The average weight at Christmas, at the age 
of 2 years and 10 months old, is 130 stone. On such a farm as 
Broadbridge, with its feeding-pastures, that is no doubt the right 
management, and the description may be regarded as an appro- 
priate commentary. 
Messrs. Drewitt and Son, of Piccard's Farm, near Guildford, 
furnished me with all possible details, and placed their sale- 
books before me. The cows on their farm each rear two calves, 
and feed them entirely from March or April till July or 
August, when they are weaned on the rowans, and get 2\ lbs. of 
linseed-cake each daily. In October they are removed to the 
yards, and wintered on the same allowance of cake, with one- 
third of a bushel of swedes or mangolds daily, straw, and rough 
hay. After their second summer — on pasture with the same 
cake — they are prepared for the butcher, with 1^ bushel of roots 
daily, 5 lbs. or (3 lbs. of linseed-cake for three months, and after- 
