Report on the Pathological Anatomy of Pleuro-pneumonia. 173 
on pressure ; with deepening of colour, and the presence, occasionally, of 
ecchymoses or hyperremic patches in the bronchial mucous membrane, and 
vascular stellate spots in the parenchyma." 
He says : — 
" The general characters of the second stage are : — A mottled appearance on 
section, increase of bulk, density, specific gra\'ity, and friability ; absolute loss 
of textural integrity, breaking up of the capillary vessels, and, as a conse- 
sequence, parenchymal extravasation : obliteration of large vessels and small 
bronchia, with destruction of the thoracic lymphatic glands." 
He thus sums up the characters of his third stage : — 
*' Absolute loss of integrity (death), with segregation of the injured lung ; 
hyperplasy of contiguous interlobular tissue ; and increased density of the 
surrounding parenchyma. If the destructive process is arrested, the condi- 
tions are : absorption of the red cells, consolidation of the parenchyma, hyper- 
plasy of the interlobular connective tissue, restoration of the circulation, grey 
or yellow hepatization. In either case the changes in the bronchia and trachea 
are : ulceration of the mucous membrane, and consoUdation of the submucous 
and extratubular exudate." 
As an outline of its general pathology, he says : — 
" We are justified in concluding that Zy. p. p. is a distinct and specific infec- 
tion, and that, although the structures which have been injured by the locali- 
sation of its lesions, secondarily (unless dead) undergo inflammatory changes ; 
primarily, the disease is a purely effusive one, i. e. in the initial shape, effusion 
— simply and purely — is the characteristic lesion ; in the second and third 
stage, passive are accompanied, and finally succeeded, by active processes ; 
and, in the subsequent changes, inflammatory processes alone go on." 
The French definition of the disease is much the same. The 
most recent authority says:* By this name (" peripneumonie 
contagieuse ") is designated a virulent and contagious general 
affection, confined to bovine beasts ; it is of epizootic character, 
and is accompanied in ordinary cases by local manifestations 
in the lungs and pleura, and by a fibrino-serous exudation into 
the interlobular connective tissue and the pleural cavity ; an 
exudation which has been erroneously regarded as inflammatory. 
NoEMAL Anatomy. 
In some points the structural arrangement in the lung of the 
ox is sufficiently peculiar to demand a short notice, the more so 
since the peculiarities have, I believe, a very direct bearing on 
the mode of commencement and progress as well as the patho- 
logical characteristics of the disease. 
The regional anatomy appears to be interesting only from 
a clinical point of view, showing, as it does, how difficult, if not 
impossible, it must be to recognise pneumonic consolidation 
* ' Dictionnaire de Me'd. Ve'te'riaaire,' t iii. p. 74, Paris, 1877. 
