370=104 
Enylish Land Law. 
then, the law presumes them to be the property of the tenani 
for which he is entitled to certain money compensation at th 
end of his tenancy, unless he has himself consented to waiv 
this right, or to vary it otherwise than as provided in the Ac 
The subjects of compensation are thus specified : — 
As to First-Class Improvements. — These are thirteen in nun 
improvements. ^^^^ ^^^j come under the head of permanent improvements, f( 
which the highest scale of compensation is awarded. They ai 
First-class 
Their pre- 
sumed dura- 
tion. 
ranged in alphabetical order, thus : — 
1. Drainaoje of land. 
2. Erection or enlargement of 
buildings. 
3. Laying down permanent pas- 
ture. 
4. Making and planting osier teds. 
5. Making water - meadows, or 
works of irrigation, 
G. Making gardens. 
7. Making or improving roads or 
bridges. 
Making or improving wat( 
courses, ponds, wells, or i 
servoirs, or works for sup] 
of water for agricultural 
domestic purposes. 
Making fences. 
Planting hops. 
Planting orchards. 
Reclaiming waste land. 
9. 
10. 
11. 
12. 
13. Warping land. 
The Act presumes that these thirteen improvements contin' 
unexhausted for a maximum period of twenty years. But t 
legal presumption may be rebutted. In all cases of dispu 
valuers are to be appointed, and it is for them to make 
award in the case of each improvement and each class 
improvement, and to decide whether, at the time the ten 
ends, the particular improvement is or is not exhausted. In 
case can the tenant claim compensation for an improve 
after the maximum period specified in the Act as applicabl 
each class. Nor does a tenant acquire by virtue of the Act, 
absolute vested Interest extending over this maximum pe~' 
His interest is conditional, depending upon what is decid 
be the unexhausted value of the improvement when the ten 
determines. Of course it is open to the landlord and tenan 
special agreement to fix prospectively the period during w' 
the improvement shall be deemed unexhausted, instead of lea 
that matter to be dealt with retrospectively. 
The tenant's claim for compensation in respect of the thiri' 
improvements of the first class majj continue for twenty yrs, 
dating from the end of the year of tenancy during which le 
outlay lias been made. Thus, assuming that the year of tcnr ;v 
upon a holding to which the Act applies expired at Michaelns, 
187(5, and any one of these thirteen improvements were n !«' 
upon this holding, with tlie safeguards and conditions impstl 
by tlie Act, between February 14 and Michaelmas, the tw 
years began to run with the next year of tenancy, 1876-7. 
lit 
