Practical Agriculture. 
461 = 195 
nd Devonshire. In tlie remaining counties more than three- 
)urths of the total area is under crops and grass. But it 
lioukl be remarked that the uncultivated area in some counties, 
s, for example, Lincolnshire, cannot really be so large as the 
tatistics would indicate ; considerable errors having probably 
risen from including extensive foreshores, and even so-called 
lut actually cultivated " marshes," as " water." Permanent Distribution of 
)asture occupies more than half the cultivated surface in North- pasture, 
imberland, Cumberland, Westmoreland, Lancashire, the West 
liding of Yorkshire, Cheshire, Derbyshire, Shropshire, Stafford- 
liire, Leicestershire, North Wales, South Wales, Herefordshire, 
\Ionmouthshire, Middlesex, and Somersetshire. It is one-fourth 
ip to one-half in Durham, the North Riding of Yorkshire, 
he East Riding of Yorkshire, Lincolnshire, Nottinghamshire, 
lutland, Huntingdonshire, Bedfordshire, Hertfordshire, North- 
imptonshire, Buckinghamshire, Berkshire, Oxfordshire, Wor- 
■estershire, Gloucestershire, Kent, Surrey, Sussex, Wiltshire, 
Jorsetshire, Devonshire, and Cornwall. The permanent grass 
brms less than one-fourth of the cultivated area in Norfolk, 
•^ufTolk, Essex, Cambridgeshire, and Hampshire. Of the arable 
and, the major portion is in root and green crops, and in 
grasses under rotation, in Cumberland, Westmoreland, Lanca- 
tshire, Cheshire, North Wales, Cornwall, Devonshire, and 
Hampshire. These crops occupy 40 to 50 per cent, of the 
xrable land in Northumberland, Durham, the North Riding of 
i'orkshire, the East Riding of Yorkshire, Lincolnshire, Norfolk, 
Vottinghamshire, Derbyshire, Staffordshire, Shropshire, Here- 
ordshire. South Wales, Monmouthshire, Gloucestershire, Berk- 
ijhire, Middlesex, Surrey, Sussex, Wiltshire, Dorsetshire, and 
Somersetshire. In the remaining counties green and grass- 
crops in rotation occupy below 40 per cent, of the arable land. 
Of the land under corn, no county has quite half in wheat ; Distribution of 
he greatest proportion in any county under wheat being in wheat areas. 
Shropshire, Herefordshire, Worcestershire, Gloucestershire, War- 
wickshire, Bedfordshire, Huntingdonshire, Cambridgeshire, Lin- 
colnshire, Essex, Sussex, Wiltshire, Somersetshire, and Devon- 
shire, Next in order for large area of wheat in proportion to the 
|total arable crops, are the East Riding of Yorkshire, Nottingham- 
"shire, Derbyshire, Staffordshire, Northamptonshire, Bucking- 
hamshire, Herefordshire, Norfolk, Kent, Surrey, Berkshire, and 
Hampshire. 
It will be seen by the black patches on the Diagram-map 
that the wheat-crop prevails most on the eastern side of England, 
and in the midland and southern counties. The area of 
wheat in England and Wales in 1875 was 3,240,344 acres; 
in 1876 it fell to 2,916,765 acres; and in 1877 it was 
