Practical Agriculture. 575 = 309 
)act in form, wide across the shoulders and loins, with short 
|ieck, small head, short nose, heavy chop or cheek, short legs 
j'lnd thin skin, which, however, is deficient in hair. These pigs 
Ijive very productive litters, will thrive on very moderate fare, 
'md have a wonderful tendency to fatten. At five months old 
he dead weight is sometimes 10 imperial stones ; at nine months 
lid 20 stones and more have been attained ; at twelve months 
Id an average dead weight is 25 stones ; and more than 
0 stones has been reached at 18 months old. 
The origin of the breed is remarkable. Mr. John Coate, of 
lammoon, about thirty years ago began to breed from two 
lack sows imported from Turkey, put to a Chinese boar ; and 
leir offspring were crossed with a Neapolitan. About the 
line period Mr. J. Azariah Smith, of Bradford Peverell, began 
herd with a black sow of Chinese blood, crossing with an 
Issex black from the stock of the late Mr. Fisher Hobbs. The 
nproved Dorset pigs take a very high position at the Smith- 
eld Club and other shows. 
Improved Essex. — -These are a black small breed, obtained in Essex pigs, 
lie first instance by crossing the native pigs of the country with 
lack Neapolitan and black Chinese. They have small, fine, 
pright ears, rather long and pointed heads, are not so full 
id thick in cheek and throat as some other breeds, are not 
larticularly short on the leg, and have little hair. But they are 
prhaps the earliest and quickest feeders yet produced. They 
ere brought to great perfection by Lord Western and the late 
Tr. W. Fisher Hobbs. 
; Black Suffolk. — Both Norfolk and Suffolk had native varieties Suffolk pigs, 
small, short, low-standing, prick-eared pigs, generally white 
colour ; but within about twenty-five years the black SufFolks 
ive attained great celebrity, principally from the breeding of 
r. Thomas Crisp, of Chillesford Lodge ; the late Mr. J. Crisp, 
Butley Abbey ; Mr. G. M. Sexton, of Wherstead Hall, 
iswich ; and Mr. S. G. Stearn, of Wickham Market. The 
ack Suffolks have a broad forehead, short and slightly upturned 
'se ; rather short ears, drooping a little forward ; jowl very 
11 ; grand shoulders ; a long body ; the tail set on level with 
e hips ; hams wide and deep ; a remarkably symmetrical 
rcass standing on short legs, and with an abundance of long 
le hair, indicating strong constitution along with their great 
titude for fattening quickly. They are fairly prolific. Great 
ices have been realised for both boars and sows for establish- 
% the breed in many parts of the United Kingdom, for 
proving ordinary stock, and also for exportation. 
Large White Pigs. — Yorkshire, Lancashire, Lincolnshire, and Large-breed 
icestershire are the principal, though by no means only, Whites. 
JiVOL. XIV.— S. S. 2 R 
