bSQ = 320 
Practical Agriculture. 
crops. Tares, rye, winter barley, and clover are sold green ti 
those who fetch them and return manure in their place. Potatoes 
mangolds, and white turnips form the chief root-crops, and ar 
drawn from the farm by purchasers in London and its suburbs 
supplying food for man and beast ; this being the governiii! 
feature in the management of a suburban farm. Live stock ar 
necessarily few, and on some farms are entirely limited to dair 
cows and the horses necessary for working the land. 
Market ~ Market-gardening and fruit-growing are being establishe' 
gardens. upon the high-rented land of this county. Frequently th 
landlord plants apple, pear, cherry, and other fruit-trees at wid 
intervals, and then lets the ground. The tenant deep-plough: 
with a heavy dressing of manure, and plants potatoes, cabbage: 
or other coarse vegetables. French beans or peas, with Brusse! 
sprouts in the intervals, winter or spring onions, lettuces, wal 
flowers for decoration, and all sorts of garden produce fit for tt 
London market, are gradually introduced, and the farm becomi 
a market garden. 
Soils and crops Surrey is not remarkable as an agricultural county. Marke 
of Surrey. gardening prevails to a considerable extent in the environs i 
the metropolis, tracts of hay meadow and pasture land occup 
the alluvial flats bordering the Thames and other rivers, and tl 
soils are exceedingly various, — from the thin flinty soils of tl 
chalk downs which divide the county east and west, to tl 
mixed soils of the Lower Greensand, the ragstone and clay ■ 
the Weald towards the southern boundary of the county, and tl 
heavy lands of the London clay and the loams and poor heatl 
of the Bagshot sands on the north. On the easily cultivat< 
lands of the latter extensive formation, the four-course system 
cropping prevails on the lighter soils ; while on sand loan 
of better quality, rye, vetches, trifolium, or stubble turnips a 
grown upon broken-up wheat stubbles, and peas and bea 
replace clover in the rotation. On strong loams barley is sov 
after stubble turnips ; or frequently the wheat stubble is ploughi 
immediately after harvest for a crop of tares, followed by rap 
and both consumed in the autumn and winter before late-sowii 
another crop of wheat. On warm lands Trifolium incarnati 
is invariably sown upon wheat stubble, prepared as a seed-b 
either by ploughing and rolling or by the cultivator. Carro 
peas, and vegetables are grown to a considerable extent for t 
London market. Devon and Welsh cattle, Berkshire pigs, a 
Hampshire Down or Somerset and Dorset horned sheep are t 
most prevalent breeds of live stock. The cattle are most 
bought in for grazing or winter feeding in commonly inadequ; 
farm-buildings, while a prominent feature in the sheep ma 
agement is the raising of tat lambs. 
•J 
