Practical Agriculture. . 619 = 553 
commends an autumn sowing of Trifolium incarnatum. On Bought stable 
■fs. Birch's 242 acres, the labour bill amounts to between 800/. 
jd 1000/. yearly. The quantity of stable manure used is 
itimated at 1000 tons annually, with the addition of 8 tons of 
trate of soda, and 1 ton of phospho-guano ; nearly all the 
trate being applied to the grass-land for hay. 
On Stand Farm, six miles from Liverpool, the soil clay on a 
Ibsoil of clay and rock, Mr. John Wright cuts 155 acres of 
fy, and grows 103 acres of oats, 22 acres of barley, 24 acres of 
itatoes, and 4 acres of turnips, 16 acres being pasture. He 
eps 11 working horses, and grazes 400 half-bred wethers in 
tumn to eat up the foggage on the hay aftermath, clearing 
em off as they fatten, the whole generally being sold off by the 
ginning of December. This has a great effect upon the 
cceeding hay crop. "He uses 4 waggons for the delivery of 
s produce. They go to Liverpool in the morning with either 
V or straw (about 2^ tons per load) and return at night with 
load of manure of between 50 and 60 cwts. He drives over Li^eipool 
GO tons of manure from Liverpool annually." manure. 
This is placed on a large midden-stead (only requiring a roof 
make it perfect) cut out of the solid rock, which retains all 
> liquid manure, the surplus of this being carted on the land 
irrigation. He attaches so much value to his hay-crop that 
manures his old grass for the grain-crop, and re-sows it with 
?ds. In addition to the 1200 tons of Liverpool manure, 
r. Wright also uses 13 tons of nitrate of soda, 3 tons of Peru- 
in guano, and 10 tons of hide salt ; this, applied to certain 
lis, stiffening the wheat-straw and increasing the yield. He 
s built two sheds on 9-inch pitch-pine posts, with corrugated 
Ivanised-iron roofs ; one shed lOO feet long by 30 feet wide, 
d 18 feet height to the eaves ; the other 40 feet, of the same 
■ mensions as to breadth and height. The larger cost 185/., 
i^e smaller, 91/. And Mr. Shirriff says, " The advantage and 
nvenience of these are immense. What a deal of labour is 
Ved in regard to temporary covering of unfinished ricks ! But 
you consider the present price of straw (thatch), about 6/. per 
a (and this is no fictitious price, because straw is steadily and 
rely becoming more largely used for paper-making), how very 
on these sheds will repay the outlay !" 
'As an illustration of the wonderful results obtained by inten- Intensive cul- 
. e culture on small farms, take the prize farm of 37 acres °° 
1 I Arms 
able and 8 acres pasture occupied by Mr. Hugh Ainscough at 
'inks, 5 miles from Southport. The soil is black, with a moss 
bsoil. A three-course shift is followed ; namely, (1) potatoes 
d other roots, the potatoes being three to one in proportion to 
ingolds and swedes, (2) wheat, (3) seeds, generally 10 lbs. of 
