658 = 552 
Dairy Farming. 
in the summer, and, if the supply falls short, they should be fe 
with green fodder, cake, or meal. No animal better repaj 
liberal treatment than a good dairy cow. It is my practice t 
grow a large amount of green crop for the cows in autumn an 
winter. I generally commence with rape and vetches sow 
together on a small extent of land, and on the headlands of tt 
other root-crops. Ox cabbage is generally given to the cows- 
spread on the pastures — from Michaelmas to Christmas ; and ; 
that period of the year there is no green food to equal i 
For winter consumption in the stalls, white turnips, swede 
and mangolds are given, reserving the latter until the last. E 
a liberal supply of cabbage, and 3 lb. per day of decorticat( 
cotton-cake to each milking cow, I have generally an abunda: 
supply of milk in the autumn months, and the dairy cows a 
kept in blooming condition. They are generally dry about tv 
months. The heifers are brought into the dairy at from 2 yea 
to 2J years old. I get them big enough at that age, and thi 
are more likely to breed and milk than if they were left a ye 
longer without a calf. Nearly all my young stock lie out 
doors the first two winters, until they are about producing t 
first calf. My land is generally fairly well sheltered, and I fii 
that young stock Avith 2 lb. to 3 lb. of cake per day, and a lit! 
hay given them on the pastures, thrive well in the winter. 
" I have heifers calving down now at 2 years old, which ha 
never lain up since they were small calves, and they are woi 
more than 20 guineas each. Cattle will not, however, do w 
in exposed or damp situations where there is no shelter. It 
very undesirable by keeping young stock too warm to ma 
them tender and delicate." 
The above will suffice for a general account of the ordinal 
dairy Shorthorn, and of the farm management commor 
adopted where this breed prevails. 
The Longhoni The Loiif/horn breed, represented by Fig. 3, page 393, 
Lreed. essentially a dairy breed. The portrait represents the o 
belonging to Mr. VV. G. Farmer, of Hinckley, Leicestershi 
which took the first prize in her class at the Liverpool Showf 
the Royal Agricultural Society last year. Rather more legj 
and fully as long bodied, perhaps hardly so high, as the She 
horn — of dark red colour, with black points and white lii 
along back and bosom, and with long horns — the breed is p 
fectly well represented by this portrait, taken from a photogra 
The cow does not generally give so much milk as an ordimf 
Shorthorn cow ; but in such experiments as are recorded 
milk has proved richer, with a larger percentage of curd rat 
than of cream, in the case of cows which have been compa 
at the same age and season of the year. The breed stoodj 
