%12 = 406 
Dairy Farming. 
In the country, where grains cannot easily be had in quantit 
dependence is placed on hay and mangolds, with meal of barU 
and bean or Indian corn, or decorticated cotton-cake ; and i 
summer and autumn, of course, both in town and country, tl 
dependence is largely on clover and vetches and cabbages, i 
' addition to grains and meal. I had charge for two years of 
farm near Barking, where upwards of 200 cows were fed ; tl 
main resource here, in addition to the grains, was Italian ry 
grass in summer (grown by means of town sewage), and mangolf 
in winter. The average Shorthorn cow, fed thus, will probab 
yield 600 to 700 gallons of milk during its first 8 months aft 
calving ; and 10 stalls, the cows being sold at the end of 
months, will thus, from year to year, give accommodation to ' 
cows per annum, from which it may be expected that 10( 
gallons of milk per stall, 10,000 gallons in all, per annum m; 
be obtained for sale ; the quantity of food consumed durii 
that time being 10x365 X (1^ bushel of grains, 12 lbs. of ha 
40 to 50 lbs. of mangolds, and 3 lbs. of meal). This is the wint 
ration ; but the hay and the mangolds are equivalent to 1 cwt. 
green food, of probably equal value, given during summer. Tb 
daily ration, according to the prices of food delivered at the co 
house, corresponds to more than 2s. a day, or 365/. a year 1 
10 stalls, being fully ^d. a gallon of the milk produced. Ai 
besides this, there is risk of disease (a very considerable itei 
incurred, and the loss between the purchase and sale of the c( 
(also a considerable sum) and interest of money and cost 
labour to be borne. It is thus not to be wondered at that to» 
milk costs 4rf. and hd. a quart, delivered from house to house. 
Suburban milk At Colonel Talbot's farm, at Sudbury, Middlesex, 89,21 
dailies. gallons were obtained from 80 stalls in the year, or more th 
1100 gallons per stall ; but 153 cows had been bought and sc 
to keep them full, so that their milking did not average mu 
more than 6 months apiece. At Golders Green, Lord Gra 
ville's farm, in the same neighbourhood, 851, 869, and 8 
gallons were obtained per stall in 3 successive years, when ab( 
150 cows were bought and sold each year to keep^lOO stalls ft 
The cows were kept on an average 8 months each, and a loss 
3/. to 4?. apiece was sustained between purchase and sale. 
Barking, between October 5th, 1866, and December 29 
1867, there were 57,354 days' milking of a cow ; the avers 
number kept having been 125 cows during that time — varyu 
however, between 20 and 220, for the cattle-plague swept awa 
large number during the time — and the milk sold amounted 
139,746 gallons, or 2-44 gallons per cow daily, equal to 8 
gallons per annum. The food here was chiefly sewaged grass a 
mangolds, with hay and distillery grains. 
