Pastoral Hushandrij. 
709 = 443 
rained. They form the prevailing breed in their own countv, 
nd there are a number of herds kept in the neighbouring 
)unties. There is also a brisk demand for all the best bullocks 
nd draft cows for feeding in all parts of England, except, 
erhaps, the north. 
Hereford October Fair has for the last 100 years been perhaps 
le best display of cattle for sale in England ; the uniformity in 
)lour, " the red line tipped with white," extending through the 
larket and town, the general excellence of the cattle, and the 
reat numbers exhibited for sale have combined to make this 
lir most interesting to the lover of good cattle. Of late years the 
umbers, which once reached as high as 8000, have diminished, 
greater number of the most promising beasts being sought for 
nd purchased at home. 
The Herefords are very seldom kept for dairy purposes, and 
le calf is always allowed to run with its dam. The excellent 
tart which the calves thus get accounts for the fact that one 
^Idom sees pure-bred Herefords which are not well grown and 
eshy. 
There is, however, a breed called Welsh Herefords, which are 
irobably hardly reared, and are much inferior. 
I will now describe the mode of rearing, as practised on a Management of 
irm where first-class Herefords are bred. The cows are, as f Hejeford 
, •! 1 • 1 1-1 1 • breeding nerd, 
luch as possible, timed to calve in the autumn or early winter 
lonths. The calves suck their dams from four to six months. 
The cows are kept in yards with shelter-sheds to go into, 
nd the calves are kept in pens opening into these yards, being 
3t out twice a day, and remaining with their dams quite an 
our. 
The calves, which are kept four or five together, are supplied 
n their box with a little hay, pulped roots and m.eal, as soon 
s they will eat it. Their dams are fed on roots and straw, or 
ay until they are turned out in the pastures in May. The 
Ider calves are then weaned and turned out to grass away from 
heir dams. Any of the cows having much milk are milked for 
time, and a little butter or cheese is made. The cows lie out 
n the grass, night and day, through the summer and autumn, 
lO extra food being given them, as they are apt to get too fat for 
ireeding purposes. 
The young heifers calve about May, and their calves follow 
hem in the pastures until November. The calves are all then 
loused for the winter, the younger ones being kept separate and 
eceiving a little better food. Sliced or pulped roots, Avith hay 
)r oat-straw, and a little cake and meal form their diet. In 
^lay they are all again sent to grass ; the steers and the less 
•hapely of the heifers being stall-fed the following winter, some 
