Pastoral Husbandry. 
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mand for lamb, its small joints of tender meat being highly 
I emed. Good fat lambs make from 30s. to 45s. each. The 
es are fattened after the lamb is sold, and go off at a few 
nllings over their cost price the previous autumn. 
The plan of changing the ewes every year is most necessary 
( lands naturally wet or liable to flood, and Avhere sheep are 
i t to contract the rot, due to the presence of flukes in the liver. 
\ iny farmers in the north of England get Cheviot ewes every 
■ ir from Scotland, and cross them with a Leicester ram. They 
i ' excellent sucklers and produce capital fat lambs, fattening 
) 11 themselves afterwards. 
On the hills in the north of England and borders of Wales, ^'l^ farms. 
1 1-sheep are kept, one shepherd, with his dog, looking after 
> or 600, which graze on the heather and rough mountain 
^iss, getting no extra food, except in severe weather. The 
l^dwicks are a very useful mountain race, and are sold, at 
1 ture age, to better districts, where they make good-sized 
s'ep, and their mutton is excellent. 
Wethers were formerly kept till four years old, and their 
I tton was specially esteemed on that account, but they are now 
ftened earlier. 
The Welsh mountain breeds are very hardy, and the mutton, 
\ en well fed, is a delicacy, but they are small, and much less 
j)fitable than the north of England or Scotch mountain breeds, 
('i large feeding pastures of permanent grass, principally grazed 
I feeding or dairy cattle, few sheep are kept, as with their 
I row noses they pick out the finest of the clovers and grasses, 
ol, where many are kept, cattle will neither feed nor milk so 
^ll. A few are, however, usefully kept, as they keep down 
sae weeds which cattle will not eat if they can avoid them, 
s h as the common buttercup, the hard-head, and other weeds. 
1 ring such choice of food, they also thrive very well. The 
% at drawback to keeping sheep on rich moist land is their Liability to 
' )ility to foot-rot. The natural home of sheep is on dry ''oot-rot. 
ands, and, kept there, this disease is unknown. 
"requent parings of the hoof, and caustic applications to the 
(leased feet, such as powdered burnt vitriol, alum, or carbolic 
a d, are the best remedies, but with every care on some land it 
1 impossible to avoid this complaint, which greatly checks 
t growth of the sheep. On mixed grazing and arable farms, 
l;ibs are kept through the autumn and winter on the grass- 
ed, being supplied with cake and corn, and a few roots being 
( ted to them. When kept and thus well fed on sound mow- 
i land, they do well, and the field is put in condition to grow 
■ rop of excellent hay. The hoggets are sold fat to the butcher 
i April or May. 
