820 = 554 Influence of Chemical Discoveries on 
further obtained from Messrs. Fowler and Co., of Leeds, 
Steam culti- 14:-horse power engine, with clip-drum, anchors, and 400 var 
yation. wire-rope, at a cost of 1065/. This tackle has been ve 
effective, is still in admirable order, and enables Mr. Prout 
get through his work with from six to eight horses. 
Annual expen- The annual expenditure for labour, manures, and for rei 
dituie. estimated at 21. per acre, may be taken to amount to 3900Z. • 
this, a sum of 1200/. is paid for artificial manures on an averaf 
During the last two years less money has been spent in t 
purchase of artificials. 
In 1875, Mr. Prout spent only 878/. 7*. 6fZ. for artific 
manures, as he had left over from the preceding year a considt 
able quantity of bone-dust. This sum was spent in the purcha 
of 42 tons of OhlendorfF's dissolved Peruvian guano, 21 tons 
nitrate of soda, and 10 tons of mineral superphosphate, contaii* 
ing 25 per cent, of soluble phosphate. I 
In 1876 the manure bills for 44 tons of raw and dissolv 
Peruvian guano, 25 tons of nitrate of soda, 20 tons of bone-du 
and 15 tons of mineral superphosphate, amounted to 1173/. 16s. i 
Bone-dust, mineral superphosphate, raw and Ohlendorf 
dissolved Peruvian guano, and nitrate of soda, are the manui 
generally used, and, as a rule, the artificials are drilled in ai 
How artificial not sown broadcast. To most crops Mr. Prout applies eitb 
manures are dissolved Peruvian guano or a mixture of partially dissolv 
applie . bones, at the rate of 3 to 5 cwts. per acre. This bone-manure 
made on the premises by saturating bone-dust with water, ai 
then mixing it in equal proportions with mineral superphospha 
containing about 25 per cent, of soluble phosphate. The ac 
phosphate acting upon the wetted bone-dust, partially dissolves t 
latter and causes the mixture to heat. By leaving it undisturb 
in a heap for about six weeks, it is generallv found sufficient 
dry, on turning over, to be readily distributed by the drill. 
In addition to the artifical manures which are applied to t 
clover and all corn-crops, excepting wheat after clover, the cere 
crops are top-dressed in March or the beginning of April, wi 
from 1 to 1^ cwt. of nitrate of soda. 
Results of sales The total sales of crops since 1868, realised : — . 
of crops. 
' Inl8G8 £4720 
„ 1869 3742 
„ 1870 5232 
„ 1871 4025 
„ 1872 4743 
„ 1873 4570 
„ 1874 4628 
„ 1875 4543 
„ 1876 .. 4672 
This gives an annual average of 4609/., and it does not inclu'' 
