the Pror/ress of English Agriculture. 
843 = 577 
insider under what circumstances and to what extent deduc- 
jns are to be made. A valuer may take into consideration 
e various circumstances under which the manure was made. 
yc instance, whether in boxes or yards, whether the rainfall 
IS large or small, or whether the amount of litter was sufficient 
absorb all the liquid without loss ; in fact, he might value 
ch circumstance just as he would value each separate crop in 
parate fields, or he may take a general average of loss. 
CHAPTER Yl. 
Industries attached to the Farm. 
)TH in France and in Germany the manufacture of starch, English 
etroot sugar, and vinegar, the distillation of spirits, and other formers 
dustries, are frequently carried on in connection with ordinary gu"t'|^jai'^ 
m practice. In England these industries are seldom attached 
the farm, but generally pursued in separate establishments 
persons not engaged in agricultural operations. Of the 
dustries having an intimate connection with agriculture, the 
inufacture of beetroot sugar, the factory system of cheese- 
iking, and the production of condensed milk, may be briefly 
ticed in this Report. 
Manufacture of Beetroot Sugar. — The first attempt to pro- Beetroot 
■ ce, on a manufacturing scale, sugar from beetroots grown sugar. 
England was made in 1868 by Mr. James Duncan, who in 
it year established a factory for the manufacture of beetroot 
: jar at Lavenham, in the county of Suffolk. The sugar-beets 
)\vn by the farmers in the neighbourhood of the works, on an 
rage, yielded fully 10 per cent, of sugar, and the produce of 
roots of that quality amounted to from 15 to 18 tons per acre, 
hen the experiment was set on foot to grow sugar-beets in 
1; neighbourhood of Lavenham, grave doubts were expressed 
i many quarters whether the climate of England would prove 
! table for beetroot culture. Numerous analyses, by myself 
• i other chemists, of sugar-beets grown in different English 
(inties, as well as in Ireland and even in some districts in 
btland, set these doubts at rest, and proved that with care and 
mention, and special regard to the kind and quality of manure 
I'd, sugar-beets as rich in sugar as those produced in France 
; 1 Germany could be grown in Great Britain without difficulty, 
vertheless, the manufacture of beetroot sugar, after having 
■n carried on for a limited number of years in a spirited 
nner by Mr. Duncan, and with success, so far as the yield of 
:ar was concerned, was abandoned on account of unforeseen 
