78 Experiments on the Comparative Fattening Qualities 
cesters ; and they also fetched a somewhat higher price per stone 
of mutton, though the difference in this respect was probably less 
than it would have been, had not our Leicester mutton, from their 
want of growing character, been more delicate than usual, and 
our cross-bred on the other hand rather under the mark for want 
of a little more time. Our next observations will further illus- 
trate the above points of comparison. 
The Hampshire and Sussex Downs gave the largest proportion 
of loose, or caul and gut fat. This is consistent with the known 
comparative less tendency of the hardier Downs to give very fat 
carcasses, and also with the known superior quality of their 
mutton. It must not be forgotten, however, that in these experi- 
ments the Downs were the longest on fattening food which 
would favour their production of fat generally ; but this was 
obviously deposited over tlie internal viscera rather than on the 
carcass, or muscular and motive part of the body ; for whilst they 
gave the highest proportion of inside fat, they did not give a high 
proportion of dead or carcass weight. The cross-breds again 
gave a larger proportion of inside fat than the Cotswold, or than 
the pure Leicesters, and the ewes rather more than the wethers. 
Thus, in this internal character, the crosses inherit more of the 
qualities of the female parent, and the female offspring rather 
more so than the male. These qualities of the crosses are quite 
consistent with their admitted hardier character as compared 
with the pure Leicesters, and also with the better quality of their 
mutton. 
The degree of development, or activity of lung, is certainly, 
other things being equal, coincident with the habits of activity 
or rest, and with the character for hardiness of the animal. Those 
animals adapied or accustomed to more of exposure and exercise 
should doubtless have a greater development of lung and of re- 
spiratory and circulatory activity ; and with this would go 
less tendency to massive accumulation of fat on the carcass, or 
motive part of the body. Activity or large development of lung, 
a less fat carcass, a higher quality of mutton, a greater hardiness, 
and more of inside fat, should thus go together. 
Our figures relating to the proportional weight of lung in the 
different cases are not so consistent with these general principles 
as we should have expected, when we compare together all the 
six lots of sheep. Those relating to the other points involved 
we have seen are so, and those relating to the weights of lung 
are indeed consistent when comparing together only certain lots 
— as for instance the Hampshire and Sussex Downs — and some 
of the cases of inconsistency are perhaps not incapable of some 
explanation. Thus the higher average proportional weight of 
