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IX. — General Remm^hs upon Continental Farming. By Peter 
Love, late of Manor Farm, Naseby, Northamptonshire. 
HvAING agreed with General Haynau to visit and inspect his 
estate at Szathmar in Hungary, I was desirous of learning as 
much as my rapid tour would permit of the different modes of 
farming practised upon the various soils I passed through, and took 
such notes as would enable me to profit as much as possible by my 
transitory visit, or rather flight, through those important coun- 
tries. I should not have presumed to ask for these remarks a 
place in tlie Journal were it not that I know an opinion pre- 
vails generally that we as farmers are far superior to other 
nations ; and as I started under that impression, I feel it my 
duty to give a clear and faithful record of what I saw to admire, 
as well as what I saw to regret, in foreign agriculture. 
I left Ostend by railway for Cologne on the 19th of May, 
1853, note-book in hand, and hope that my readers will make 
allowance for any inaccuracies that may exist in my estimates 
of quantities, as the rapid flight of the steam-engine gave 
me but a brief time for making such calculations. After 
leaving Ostend we passed over several miles of warp land, of 
great capabilities if well drained and enclosed. The water, 
however, is standing within about eighteen inches of the surface, 
causing comparative barrenness where fertility ought to prevail. 
The greater part of this district is in grass, upon which are pas- 
tured thin-fleshed cattle, and sheep, if possible, worse in feeding 
qualities. 
The land under tillage is tolerably farmed (if we except the 
drainage and breed of stock) ; the crops of beans, peas, and rape- 
seed are all drilled about a foot apart, as also a considerable part 
of the rye, wheat, oats, bere, and barley : about a sixth of the 
ploughed land is clover, which is a fair crop. This is a district 
which, if properly drained and enclosed, would, with a better 
breed of cattle and sheep, more than double its produce. 
We then passed over some very light sandy land, with marshes 
along the river, which were pastured by the same ill-bred stock. 
This district is nearly all enclosed. The cultivation was toler- 
ably good, considering that it was nearly all done by females, who 
certainly keep the land free from weeds. I was surprised to see 
so little land sown or destined to be sown with root-crops, such 
as swedes, carrots, beet-root, &c. ; but a great portion of the 
land then growing peas and rapeseed was to be prepared and 
sown with late turnips and transplanted beet after those crops 
were removed. The crops cultivated were peas, rapeseed, 
clover, flax, beet, turnips, rye, wheat, and barley ; there is too 
much hedge-row timber, but the poverty of the soil keeps the 
trees from overshading the land to any serious extent ; the roads 
