392 
Lamenesses of Sheep and Lambs. 
rvi ticles, are of much service. A warm and comfortable pasture 
or loose house must be provided. A scruple of sulphate of iron 
with some ginger should also be given daily. As the disease 
often results from a hereditary, depraved state of system, care 
must be taken to breed only from animals of untainted constitu- 
tion. But as it may also result from ordinary health-depressing 
causes, the general health must be maintained in a sound and 
vigorous state. 
Blach-hg. — Most animals are liable to extravasations of blood, 
resulting from fulness of the vessels and weakness of the coats of 
those vessels. Such are cases of apoplexy in man, in which the 
thin delicate vessels of the brain are ruptured and blood effused, 
causing often fatal stupor. Such are many cases of parturient 
apoplexy in cattle, in which the overloaded vessels in contact 
with the soft structures of the brain and other nervous centres 
give way, and the effused fluid presses upon these delicate struc- 
tures, arresting motion, perverting sensation, and often destroying 
life. Such also are cases of black-quarter or congestive fever in 
young cattle, in which the vessels, over-distended with rich blood, 
discharge themselves into the cellular tissue about the quarters, 
loins, or fore-limbs. Sheep are liable to a disease closely ana- 
logous to this, and generally known as black-leg, hygham striking, 
or sheep-fever. Although occasionally seen in various parts of 
the country, it seems to prevail chiefly in the Midland counties, 
and usually exhibits the following symptoms. The animal 
is dull and feverish, the breathing and pulse are accelerated, 
the mucous membranes are reddened, and the bowels torpid. 
Dragging of the limbs with a halting gait is soon perceptible. 
A diffused swelling, soft and crackling from the presence of gas, 
soon appears about the back, loins, or quarters, or between the 
fore-legs— wherever, in fact, the tissues are soft and largely 
mixed with cellular tissue, and the bloodvessels consequently less 
perfectly braced up. The pulse now becomes soft and imper- 
ceptible, and death supervenes in a few hours from the excessive 
loss of blood. After death the mucous and serous membranes 
are often found coated with blood, the internal organs are blood- 
less, and the vessels unusually empty. The swellings contain 
black blood, which speedily putrefies, with evolution of gas. 
They show no evidences of inflammation except where life is 
prolonged for some days, and inflammation established from irri- 
tation caused by the extravasated blood. The disease often runs 
its course so rapidly that remedial measures are of little avail. 
If the animal is observed before extravasation occurs, blood must 
])e freely abstracted to counteract the congested state of system. The 
bowels must be moved by three or four ounces of Epsom salts with 
a scruple of calomel. When the swellings have appeared, blood- 
