at the Carlisle Meeting 1855. 
517 
rollers (which may be dispensed with if required), it cuts admirably and with 
unusual ease ; it is readily thrown out of work by a rod, on which are two 
mitre-wheels, by the clutch being withdrawn ; the moveable roller in front is 
a great acquisition ; the cutting-edge of the three convex knives 22 in. each. 
Kansome and Sims' machine was hurriedly set to work, and cut indifl'erently ; 
the feeding is regulated by an irregular cam driving a steel wheel to lift the 
ratchet to let in the feed, which it holds firmly till cut ; calculated for either 
horse or steam power. Garrett and Son's machine works well, and cuts fast ; 
the cut is regulated by a shifting clutch on the shaft of the fly-wheel ; the 
feeding by two large rollers ; no adjustment to throw it out of work. 
Chaff-cutters — Hand-power Machines. 
Names. 
Stand. 
Article. 
Units of Power in 
lbs. lifted I foot 
high. 
I.bs. of Chaff cut. 
[ Time. 
Lbs. per Hour. 
Units of Power re- 
quired to cut 1 lb. 
of Chaflfin lbs. 
lifted 1 foot high. 
£ 
Observations. 
min. 
£. 1. 
Crosskill .... 
23 
.0 
6 
4 
90 
3310 
7 0 
Garrett & Son . . 
19 
24 
20,200 
81 
4 
1271 
2376 
4 10 
Williams .... 
32 
14,420 
6i 
4 
97i 
2218 
6 10 
Hill & Smith . . 
37 
£3 
14,300 
7* 
1121 
1907 
5 0 
Commended. 
Smith & Ashby . . 
20 
8 
l.j,o80 
9 
135 
1731 
5 10 
Highly Commended. 
Richmond & Chandler 
1 
2 
16,100 
121 
1871 
1288 
7 0 
Prize, 
Comes .... 
70 
6 
14,530 
10 
150 
1453 
4 10 
Highly Commended, 
Carson .... 
25 
2 
31,-; 60 
11 
165 
2887 
5 10 
Ransome & Sims 
95 
32 
17,980 
14 
210 
1284 
4 15 
Observations. — Crosskill's machine cut fairly, but clogged in feeding, owing 
to its awkwardly-curved toothed feeding rollers. Garrett and Son's machine 
feeds and cuts well, but rather long ; it has three knives, and is worked by a 
spiral screw movement. Williams's machine : this worked fairly, but not 
very satisfactorily ; similar in construction to the power-machine. Hill and 
Smith's machine went through its trial well, and made good work ; it is an 
attempted improvement upon Comes' machine ; and, so far as putting the 
working parts behind the cutting ones, it is so ; the two knives are short ; the 
feeding arrangement good. Smith and Ashby's machine made good work ; 
cut its chaft' easily, and with great regularity ; it has two convex knives, with , 
long cutting edges, and is worked by very simple movements ; is very compact 
in all its arrangements. Kichmond and Chandler's worked admirablj^ emitting 
a large quantity of chaff with great facility ; the working parts are well got 
up ; has two large knives ; the feeding is by curved-toothed rollers, and the 
front is large and elevating ; it will cut various lengths by an easy mode of 
alteration. Cornes' machine worked very well ; it made rather too coarse a 
sample ; it is fitted with two long-edged knives, and its working parts well 
made, and very compact ; of similar construction to his power machine : the 
price is a very great recommendation, 4Z. 10s. Carson's machine made the 
best work during the trial, but at great expenditure of power ; it is worked by 
a spiral screw ; the two knives have long cutting edges, and the feeding 
rollers are deeply grooved, and fed with great regularity. Eansome and Sims' 
machine : too much was attempted, and made coarse chaff ; feeds well ; has 
two long concave knives ; the feeding-rollers are fluted. 
Steam-poweb Cake Breakers. 
Hornsby's machine made very satisfactory work, and capable of doing much 
of it ; the series of breakers are separate castings, cast iron and chilled ; the 
