Agncultural Statistics. 
601 
for cultivation," he divides the remainder, consisting of arable 
land, meadows, and 'artificial pasture,' as follows : — 
Lavergne's estimate. Actual statistics. 
Meadow and pastures .. .. 3,000,000 .. 2,704,000 
Oats ], 250,000 .. 933,000 
Jkrloy fjOO.OOO .. 200,000 
Wheat 375,000 .. 180,000 
Turnips 500,000 .. 440,000 
Potatoes 250,000 .. 145,000 
Bare fallow 2.50,000 .. 24,000 
Other crops 125,000 .. 84,000 
Total .. .. 6,250,000 4,710,000 
For convenience of comparison, the second table is here given 
in round numbers, roughly averaged from the two years, and 
including under the head 'turnips' ^that in the previous tables 
appear as mangold, carrots, cabbage, and turnip seed. 
Again, the following figures show the grain produce of Scot- 
land, as estimated in ' M'CuUoch's Commercial Dictionary,' and 
other works of authority, and the actual quantities, as ascertained 
by estimate in each locality for the last and previous year, stated 
in quarters : — 
Former Estimates, i - Ascertained. 
1854. 1855. 
Qrs. Qis. Ijrs. 
Wheat .. .. 1,255,000 .... 60G,0G3 G32,817 
Barley .. .. 1,800,000 .... 954,950 701,613 
- Oats-.. ... .. 6,500,000 • 4-,281,789. • 3,758,893- ■ • 
Beans and Peas 150,000 .... 135,115 147,956 
9,675,000 5,927,917 5,301,279 
The following is the average produce per acre of each kind of 
crop, in bushels and pecks : — 
AVlieat. Barley. Oats. Bere. Bc-ans and Peas. 
B. l\ B. V. B. r. B. 1'. B. 1'. 
26 2 .. 32 3 .. 32 OJ .. 32 l-i .. 27 2i 
The root crops are stated in tons and cwts. : — 
Turnips. Potatoes, 
tons. cwts. tons. cwts. 
14 7-i .... 4 19 a 
The variation between different counties and districts is, in 
some cases, apparently very great ; for instance, the produce of 
wheat per acre is 34 bushels in Sutherland, and only 22 in Dum- 
fries ; but, on closer scrutiny, these differences are found to be 
more apparent than real, most of the very large yields being 
explainable by the fact that they refer to crops, such as wheat in 
the Highland counties, cultivated only on choice spots, and as a 
matter rather of fancy than of business. 
Next follows the diagram, on the same enlarged scale, of 
Ireland : — 
