BOTANICAL SOCIETY OF CANADA. 
39 
in quality to that of the English oak. Although used for a great variety of pur- 
poses, it is especially valuable in ship building and the construction of machinery. 
The bark is employed in tanning and as a medicine. 
Fagus ferruginea^ Ait. (P. ferruginea et sylvestris, Michx). Penitentiary Bush, 
May, 1859. 
A common tree throughout Canada, furnishing edible three cornered nuts, 
known as beech nuts. Its wood from its fineness of grain, and the ease with which 
it can be worked, is in much request for the manufacture of all kinds of furniture, 
carpenter's tools, ornamental wood-work, and for the construction of machinery. 
Carjpinus Americana^ Michx. Penitentiary Bush. Sept. 1859. 
CoNIFERiE. 
Pinus resinosa, Ait. (P. rubra, Michx. F). Haldimand Cove. March, 1859. 
This pine affords a very strong, durable timber, much valued in naval archi- 
tecture. It contains a considerable quantity of turpentine. 
Pinus Slrobus^ L. Haldimand Cove. March, 1859. 
One of the most valuable of Canadian Timber trees. Its tall, straight trunk, 
which is frequently 150 feet high, is much sought after for the masts of ships, whilst 
the timber generally is used in the construction of bridges, houses, <fec. It forms 
an important article of export from Canada to the United States and Britain. 
Thuja occidentalism L. River bank, Pittsburgh. August, 1859. 
The wood obtained from this tree is light, but very durable, and is on this ac- 
count valuable for posts. 
Juniperus communis^ L. Haldimand Cove. April, 1859. 
J. Virginiana^ L. Cedar Island. July, 1859. 
An odorous, reddish, very compact and durable wood is afforded by this tree. 
The heart wood is used by lead-pencil manufacturers. 
Taxus baccata^ L., var. Canadensis. [T. Canadensis Willd.] Dr. Sampson's farm. 
July, 1860. 
ENDOGENiE. 
ARACE-aS. 
Ariscema iriphyllum, Torr. [Arum triphyllum L. Arum atrorubens, Ait]. Peni- 
tentiary Bush. May 8th, 1859. 
Ttphace-e. 
Ik/pha latifolia, L. Pond at Queen's College. July 25th, 1859. 
ALISMACEiE. 
Alisma Plantago, L., var. Americanum. [A. trivialis and A. parviflora, PurshJ. Pond 
at Queen's College. August 16th, 1860. 
Sagittaria variabilis, Engelm. In a pond on Dr. Sampson's farm. July 23rd, 1860. 
