BOTANICAL TERMS AND DEFINITIONS. xix 
Articulated, (Articulatum) articxilated or jointed is applied to 
leaves, when one leaflet, or pair of leaflets, grow out of the 
summit of another, with a sort of joint ; to stems divided 
by joints or knots, or divided from space to space by 
contractions; to culm with joints. 
Ascending, (Ascendens) applied to stems ascending without sup- 
port, in an oblique direction. 
Attenuated, (Atlenuatvs) diminishing insensibly in thickness 
from the base to the summit ; applied to peduncles. 
AURICLED, (Auriculatum) applied to leaves when they are furnished 
with a pair of leaflets, generally distinct, but sometimes 
joined with them. 
AvENiUM, vide Veinless. 
AwL-SHAPED, (Subulatum) leaves so called, when thickish at the 
base, and gradually tapering towards the point. 
Awn, (Arista) the awn or beard, a bristle-shaped projection, growing 
out from the glume or chaffs, in com and grasses. 
Axillary, {Axillaris) applied to peduncles when proceeding from 
the angle made by the leaf and stem, or branch and stem ; 
also to flowers and to spikes of flowers, proceeding from 
either of the above situations. 
Bacca, vide Berry. 
Banner or Standard, {Vexillum) the upper large petal of a 
papilionaceous or pea-flower. 
Bark, the covering of plants, (composed of woody fibres) situated 
over the wood and under the cellular integument, consisting 
of fjom one to many layers, according to the age of the 
plant or branch, an additional layer being added every year. 
Barren Flowers, flowers having stamens only, and producing 
no fruit. 
Basi Trinerve, i;irfe Three-ribbed, &c. 
Beak, applied to an elongation of the seed vessel ; proceeding also 
from the permanent style ; also to naked seeds. 
Beard, vide Awn. 
Bell-shaped, vide Campanulate. 
Berry, (Bacca) a pulpy pericarp, without cells, the seeds being dis- 
persed throughout the pulp, (example Atropa Belladonna.) 
Biflori Pedunculi, applied to peduncles bearing two flowers. 
Bifid, (Bifidus) two-cleft, (but not very deeply divided.) 
Bigeminate, ( Bigeminatum) applied to a compound leaf, having 
a forked petiole, with several petioles or leaflets at the «nd 
of each division. 
