BOTANICAL TERMS AND DEFINITIONS. xxi 
Caducous, (Caducus) applied to leaves falling before the end of 
summer ; to corollas falling off before the dropping of the 
stamina ; to perianths falling before the corolla is well 
unfolded. 
Calyculate, calyxes having little scales at the base, on the outside. 
Calyptra, the calyx of mosses. 
Calyx, {Calyx) the calyx or flower cup is the outer expanded part, 
or external covering of a flower, generally resembHng the 
leaves in colour and texture; there are seven kinds of 
calyxes^ viz. perianthium, amentum, spatha, gluma, invo- 
lucrum, volva, perichgetium. 
Campanulate, (Campanulata) a bell-shaped monopetalous Hower. 
Canaliculatum, vide Channelled. 
Capitate, (Capitulum) applied to flowers, when they are assembled 
so as to form a globular, or nearly round head. 
Capsule, (Capsula) a membranous or woody seed vessel, internally 
consisting of one or more cells, splitting into several valves, 
and sometimes discharging its contents through pores or 
orilices, or falling off entire with the seed. 
Carina, vide Keel. 
Carinatum, vide Keeled. 
Carnosum, vide Fleshy. 
Cartilaginous, {Cartilagineum) applied to leaves, the borders 
of which are hard and horny. 
Catkin, vide Ament. 
Cauda, vide Tail. 
Cauline, (CflM/inim) applied to leaves placed upon the stem, (leaves 
that grow upon the stem are called stem leaves, or cauline) ; 
applied also to flowers placed upon the stem or stock ; 
and to peduncles arising immediately out of the main stem. 
Caulis, vide Stem. 
Cells, (Loculi) hollow places in pericarps for the reception of seeds. 
Cellular Integument, the succulent pulpy substance, situated 
immediately under the cuticle; the seat of colour, mostly 
green, particularly in the leaves or branches; "leaves 
" consist almost intirely of this substance, covered on each 
" side by the cuticle ; the stems and branches of both 
" annual and perennial plants are invested with it." 
Channelled, (Canaliculatum) applied to leaves having a wide 
longitudinal furrow the whole length of the leaf ; to stems 
having wide longitudinal hollow lines ; also to petioles 
having grooves. 
